Loss of Plosion

Lateral Plosion

Nasal Plosion

Assimilation may affect not only the work of the soft palate; in the combination of a plosive + a nasal sonant it also affects the manner of noise production and the CC transition in English results in the nasal plosion. For example, in the word recognize the final stage of /g/ coincides with the medial stage of the sound /n/ which follows it – regressive assimilation. In Ukrainian similar combinations are pronounced with the oral plosion of the plosive consonants which are followed by nasals, compare: recognize – close CC transition, грюкнути – loose CC transition.

The manner of noise production is affected by assimilation in the combination; a plosive + the lateral sonant l. This type of articulatory transition is called lateral plosion. Ukrainian learners mispronounce these combinations inserting /∂/ inside the clusters /tl/, /dl/. In the Ukrainian language тл, дл clusters occur in the initial position and are pronounced with close CC transition: тло, для.

Assimilation affects the manner of noise production in the combinations of two English plosives: /pt, pd, bd, pk, bk, tp, tk, kp, kt, gd/ and in the combination /kt∫/ in which the first consonant loses its plosion. For example in the word helped he final stage of /p/ coincides with the medial stage of /t/ which follows it – close CC transition. In Ukrainian similar combinations are pronounced with the loose CC transition, compare: apt in which /p/ is plosionless and аптека where п and m are pronounced with plosions.

(8) Voicing and Devoicing of English and Ukrainian Consonants Affected by Assimilation

In the English CC articulatory transitions, the work of the vocal cords is affected by incomplete assimilation, the cases when one of the two adjacent consonants becomes voiced under the influence of the neighbouring voiced consonant, or voiceless – under the influence of the neighbouring voiceless consonant are rare. For example, in the word gooseberry /s/ became voiced under the influence of the next voiced /b/– regressive assimilation. In the combination what’s the voiced /z/ became voiceless under the influence of the preceding voiceless /t/ – progressive assimilation.

In the process of speech the sonants /m, n, l, r, j, w/ are partly devoiced before a vowel if they are preceded by the voiceless consonant phonemes /s, p, t, k/, e. g. plate, slowly, twice, cry, smile. In this case partial progressive assimilation affects the work of the vocal cords

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