Read the text about Parliamentary monarchy. Guess the meaning of underlined words.

Translate the words given from the text and learn them by heart. Then make up as many sentences as you can.

1. a parliamentary monarchy

2. the head of the state

3. the Queen

4. the King

5. the power

6. to act

7. advice

8. Parliament

9. Constitution

10. Legislation

11. to provide political rights

12. the House of Lords

13. the House of Commons

14. to be elected by

15. body

16. to win the election

17. The Prime Minister

18. To appoint

19. to compose the government

20. to be founded in

21. the Conservative party

22. the Labour party.

23. Habeas Corpus Act -Хабеас Корпус ( английский закон 1679г. о неприкосновенности личности )

24. Magna Charta -Великая хартия вольностей (1215г.)

25. Bill of Rights - "Билль о правах"

26. Act of Parliament- акт парламента, парламентский закон

27. Judicature Acts - свод правил, регулирующих работу Верховного суда Англии

Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. Officially the head of the state is the Queen (or the King). But the Queen doesn’t have the absolute power. She has to act only on the advice of Parliament the ministers and. There is no written constitution in Great Britain.

There are some main documents such as “Bill of rights”, “Magna Charta” Habeas Corpus Act, Act of Parliament (which defines the position of the House of Lords, the Judicature Act). All these documents express the main principles of British Legislation which doesn’t provide written guarantees of individual political rights.

Parliament in Great Britain was created in 1265. It is the eldest Parliament in the world. It consists of two Houses — the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The House of Lords consists of 1000 peers who are not elected by the people. The House of Commons is a nation-wide representative body which is elected by the people at a general election once in 5 years. After the general election the Queen appoints the head of the government — the Prime Minister. Usually the Prime Minister is the leader of the party that has won the election. The Prime Ministerappoints the ministers to compose the government.

There are two main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative party and the Labour party. The Conservative party came into being in the 19th century as a result of the evolution of the Tory party. The Labour party was founded in 1900. Since 1906 it has borne the name of the Labour Party. For the first time the Labour Party won the election in 1945.

Great Britain is one of the main industrial countries with developed industry. Machine-building, ship-building, metallurgy, electronics are the main industries in Great Brtitain.

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