Section I The History of Physics

Text Why Study Physics, Physical Science, and Astronomy?

Read the text, translate it and answer the questions: What does physics study as a science? What period of future physicist’s life is major for his or her occupational choice?

Physics is the basis of science and technology. The laws of physics describe the behavior of matter and energy and help us to understand the physical world. On the smallest scale, physicists study quarks, nuclei, atoms, and other basic constituents of matter. They also study the mechanical, electromagnetic, and thermal properties of solids, liquids, gases, and plasmas. On the grand scale, physicists and astronomers study stars and galaxies, and apply physical principles to questions about the nature of the universe.

For example, in the United States more than 50,000 physicists work in industry, educational institutions, state and federal government, and nonprofit research centers. Some of them perform basic research in physics, while others apply their knowledge to solve human problems in such areas as energy sources, environmental protection, medicine, transportation, communication, meteorology, geology, and defense.

These researchers are supported by those who teach science and engineering, providing students with the problem-solving and laboratory skills necessary for challenging the future. Physical science teachers are educated to work in the elementary and middle schools where school children receive their first in-depth exposure to science and technology. Their work is crucial because the attitudes toward science instilled at this level generally persist for a lifetime. Physics teachers are trained to instruct in the high school or community college, and many physicists are employed as college professors. Besides educating future physics researchers, physics teachers provide the knowledge of physics that is required for such fields as medicine, engineering, technical writing, and environmental science [3, http://www.phy.cmich.edu/Overview/overview.shtml].

Read the text again. Summarize it and add personal information: Why have you chosen your speciality? Where do physicists usually work in your country?

Text The History of Physics

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	\|	Read the text, translate it and name important milestones in the history of physics.

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