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If you drop it , it will break.Or S shall/will VO, if+ S V Vs O. The first conditional refers to the future. It is used when there is a possibility that the if event might happen. If it rains, we will go to the cinema. ( It might rain/it might not rain)
The second conditional: If S+ VedV2O, S+ should/ would VO. This type of sentence describes future events that are imaginary, unlikely or impossible. If I lived by the sea ,I would do a lot of swimming. Note: would is usually contracted in speech. I`d become famous. The past simple of the Be is I was, he/she/it was .We use these forms in second conditional or alternatively we can use if I were, she/he/it/were. If I were here… We this structure when we can give advice. If I were youI`d spend more time on your written work. Unless means if not . We would go out if it did not rain. We would go out unless it rained.
Lesson 4 Conditional sentences 2
The third conditional: If S+ had VedV3 , S +would have Ved V3. This type of sentence describes past events that is different to what really happened. If I had taken an umbrella , I wouldn`t have got wet. We often use might and could in conditional when we want to say that we are not certain about the results. If I had brought some money I could have taken a taxi. It is also possible to put the If clause at the end
Wishes For wishes about the present we use I wish +past simple. I wish I didn`t go to school. Could We use I wish I could to refer that is difficult or impossible. This can refer to the present or future. I wish I could fly. At the second conditional the past simple does not refer to past time.
For wishes about the past we use I wish + the past perfect. I wish I had lived in the 18 century.
If the wish is good one we use I hope. This is not followed by conditional form it is simply followed by the present simple or will. I hope you have a good time at the party. Lesson 5 Infinitive The Infinitive is always used with the particleto and usually expresses an action denoted by the predicate verb. To visit her is always a pleasure. Sentences with the infinitive as subject have certain structures: The infinitive may be used in declarative sentences. The infinitive is placed at the head of the sentence. It is expressed by a noun, adjective qualifying the action denoted by the infinitive. The infinitive as predicative: The infinitive in this action has appositive meaning i.e. it explains the meaning of the subject of the sentence.
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