L. Murrey

“English Grammar Adapted tо Different Classes of Learners”

A GENERAL VIEW OF THE PARTS OF SPEECH

One of parts of grammar is morphology, which treats different sorts of words, their various modifications and their derivation.

There are nine sorts of words in English or, as they are commonly called, parts of speech; namely, the article, the substantive or noun, the adjective, the pronoun, the verb, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction and the interjection.

The observations, which have been made, to aid learners in distinguishing the parts of speech from one another, may afford them some small assistance, but it will certainly be, much more instructive, to distinguish them by the definitions and an accuracy knowledge of their nature.

The number of different sorts of words, or of the parts of speech, has been variously reckoned by different grammarians. Some have enumerated ten, making the participle a distinct part of speech; some – eight, excluding the participle, and ranking the adjective under the noun; some – four, and others – only two (the nouns and the verb) supposing the rest to be contained in the parts of their division. We have followed those authors, who appear to have given them the most natural and intelligible distribution. The interjection, indeed, seems scarcely worthy of being considered as a part of artificial language or speech, being rather a branch of that neutral language which we possess in common with the brute creation, and by which we express the sudden emotions and passions that actuate our frame. But, as it is used in written as well as an oral language, it may, in some measure, be deemed as a part of speech. It is with us to define a virtual sentence, in which the noun and verb are concealed under an imperfect or undigested word.

Questions:

1. What is the second part of grammar called?

2. What does it treat?

3. How many sorts of words (parts of speech) are there in English?

4. What can the observation in distinguishing parts of speech afford learners of English?

5. How many parts of speech were worked out by different grammarians?

6. Why is the interjection scarcely considered a part of speech?

7. Why can it be deemed as a part of speech?

H. Sweet

“A New English Grammar” Part I

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R. Lowth	\|	PARTS OF SPEECH

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