The orthoepic norm.

The orthoepic norm of a language is the standard pronunciation adopted by native speakers as the right and proper way of speaking. It comprises the variants of pronunciation of vocabulary units and prosodic patterns which reflect the main tendencies in pronunciation that exist in the language. It is used by the most educated part of the population.

The orthoepic norm is based on the variants of pronunciation that are widely used in actual speech, that reflect the main phonetic tendencies, and that are considered to be acceptable by the educated. Thus, wide currency, conformity to the main phonetic tendencies and social acceptability are the three main conditions that are necessary for a variety of pronunciation to be accepted as the norm.It should be emphasized, that the orthoepic norm is not constant and fixed for all centuries and generations. Variation of the orthoepic norm is a natural objective phenomenon, which reflects the development of language.

The orthoepic norm is not isolated from non-standard pronunciations that are in current use. The non-standard prosodic patterns and regional variants of pronunciation constantly influence the orthoepic norm, It is a well—known fact that most of the phonetic changes first occur among the less educated before they are recognized as acceptable. Therefore, the main factors that condition variation of the orthoepic norm are social, territorial and stylistic factors.

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