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Aquaculture, a type of agriculture, is the practice of cultivating aquatic animals and plants in managed aquatic environments. Aquaculture in salt-water or marine environments is called mariculture. Fish culture, or pisciculture, refers to the husbandryof finfish. The most popular aquaculture species are finfish grown in fresh waters, accounting for over 40 percent of total aquaculture production.

Agriculture is the rearing of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. More simply, aquaculture is underwater agriculture. The concept is not new. One-fish culture began in China perhaps as much as 4000 years ago. The Egyptian tombs have pictographs indicating that certain types of fishes were being reared during the days of the Pharaohs, and oyster culture was being practiced under the Roman Empire.

Aquaculture, also known as aquafarming, is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish Mariculture refers to aquaculture practised in marine environments.

The output, as reported, from aquaculture would supply one half of the fish and shellfish that is directly consumed by humans.

However, there are issues about the reliability of the reported figures. Further, in current aquaculture practice, products from several pounds of wild fish are used to produce one pound of a piscivorous fish like salmon.

Particular kinds of aquaculture include fish farming, shrimp farming, oyster farming, algaeculture (such as seaweed farming), and the cultivation of ornamental fish. Particular methods include aquaponics, which integrates fish farming and plant farming.

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Aquaculture	\|	AQUACULTURE’S BEGINNINGS

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