Grammar

To show that a person owns something, we use forms like "carr Sheáin" (kahr HYAW*-in), John's car. To show a less close connection, similar to "Dublin harbor" or "harbor of Dublin", the form is "cuan BhaileÁtha Cliath" (KOO-uhn vlaw* KLEE-uh). The initial consonant in the second word is usually aspirated, if it can be. Other examples:

muintir Shéamais (MWIN-teer HAY*-mish), James's people.

oibrithe Dhoire (IB-ri-he GER-e), Derry workers.

sráideanna Chorcaí(SRAW*D-yuh-nuh K*OHR-kee), Cork's streets.

To say "the mailman's hat", the Irish form is "hata fhear an phoist" (HAH-tuh ar uh FWISHT), which is literally "hat of the man of the mail". "The boatman's house" becomes "teach fhear an bháid" (TAHK* ar uh VWAW*-id).

Notice that the word "fear" in these expressions stays in the nominative form instead of changing to "fir," the genitive form.

The compound prepositions can take similar forms. An example: "os comhair dhoras an tséipéil" (ohs KOH-ir GUH-ruhs uh TAY*-pay*l), in front of the chapel door.

Another example: "in aice leabhar Sheáin" (in AK-e LOU-uhr HYAW*-in), near John's book.

Vocabulary

These are first-declension nouns, all ending in broad consonant and all masculine.

úll, an t-úll (un TOOL), anúill (un-OO-il), na húlla; apple, the apple, of the apple, the apples.

frog, an frog (un FROHG), an fhroig (un RIG), na froganna (nuh FROHG-uh-nuh); frog, etc.

sort, an sort (un SOHRT), an tsoirt (uh TOH-irt), na soirt; sort, etc.

muineál, an muineál (un MWIN-aw*l), an mhuiníl (uh VWIN-eel), na muiníl; neck, etc.

oigheann, an t-oigheann (un TEYE-uhn), an oighinn (un EYE-in), na hoighinn; oven, etc.

méaracán, an méaracán (un MAY*R-uh-kaw*n), an mhéaracáin (uh VAY*R-uh-kaw*-in), na méaracáin; thimble, etc.

poll, an poll (un POUL), an phoill (un FWIL), na poill (nuh PWIL); hole, the hole, of the hole, the holes.

samhradh, an samhradh (un SOU-ruh), an tsamhraidh (uh TOU-ree), na samhraí(nuh SOU-ree); summer, etc.

iarann, an t-iarann (un TEER-uhn), an iarainn (un EER-in), na hiarainn; iron, etc.

glór, an glór (un GLOHR), an ghlóir (uh GLOH-ir), na glórtha (nuh GLOHR-huh); voice, etc.

gual, an gual (un GOO-uhl), an ghuail (uh GOO-il), ; coal, etc.

taobh, an taobh (un TAY*V), an taoibh (uh TEEV), na taobhanna (nuh TAY*V-uh-nuh); side, etc.

Drill

Cuir Gaeilge ar na habairtíníseo leanas (hah-bir-TEEN-ee shuh LAN-uhs), put Irish on these phrases following:

filling the hole, filling a hole

listening to the man's voice

the coal bucket; filling the coal bucket

the summer's day

the door key; near the door key

collecting the thimbles

eating an apple; eating my apple; eating our apples

drive the car; driving the car; driving the cars

a kind of frog; a kind of oven; what kind of man?

Key to the above:ag líonadh an phoill (uh LEE-uhn-uh uh FWIL); ag líonadh poill (PWIL)

agéisteacht le glór an fhir (eg AY*SH-tyahk*t le GLOHR un IR)

buicéad an ghuail (bwi-KAY*D uh GOO-il); ag líonadh buicéad an ghuail

láan tsamhraidh

eochair an dorais (OHK*-hir uh DUH-rish); in aice eochair an dorais.

ag bailiúna méaracán

ag itheúill (eg I-he OO-il); ag ithe moúill; ag itheár n-úll (aw*r NOOL)

tiomáin an carr (ti-MAW*-in un KAHR); ag tiomáint an chairr (uh ti-MAW*NT uh K*AHR); ag tiomáint na gcarranna (nuh GAHR-uh-nuh)

sort froig; sort oighinn; cé'n sort fhir?

Note:"of our apples" is "ár n-úll:, but "of the cars" is "na gcarranna". "Úll" in the plural ends in " ----a", so the genitive plural is the same as the nominative singular. "Carr" ends in " ----anna" in the plural, so its genitive plural ending is the same: "----anna."

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Pronunciation Review	\|	Irish Lesson 87

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