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Unit 5. Presentation

Exercise 1. Read the text.

When giving a presentation it is essential to have a clear idea of what you want to achieve. E.g. Do you want to inform your audience about essential facts, or to persuade them to accept your proposal? This main purpose or aim needs to be briefly stated in the opening part of a presentation.

There are many different techniques you can use to begin a presentation. One common technique is to state the objectives and the main points which you will include in the presentation. But if you want to catch your audience’s attention more quickly, there are other techniques: e.g. you can relate the subject to the real – life experience of your audience, or use some surprising facts.

A good introduction should include a brief statement explaining the purpose of the presentation.

Stating the purpose.

· In your introduction state the purpose of your presentation

- why are you there?

- what are you going to talk about?

You can do this

- right at the beginning

- by building up gradually, leaving your statement of purpose until the latter part of the introduction.

Both ways can be equally effective.

· Here are some useful expressions for stating the purpose of the presentation.

- In my presentation I’ll be proposing two new techniques which we need to incorporate in our CBT packages to improve our operator training.

- In my presentation today I’m going to explain the technical problems involved in lighting tunnels.

- This morning I’d like to review progress on the AFTA project.

- The subject/topic of this presentation is CBT for operator training.

· If you want to create more impact, you can change the normal word order and begin your statement of purpose with the word ‘what’, e.g.:

- What I’d like to do this morning is present the results of our study.

- What I’m going to explain this afternoon are the technical problems involved in lighting tunnels.

- What I’ll be proposing in my presentation are two new techniques which we need to incorporate in our CBT packages to improve our operator training.

Many successful introductions include information about the main points to be developed during the presentation, and the order in which the presenter will develop these. This is called signposting.

Signposting a presentation.

· Your introduction should contain some kind of signposting for the audience.

- tell them what you will be talking about.

- tell them in which order you will develop your points.

· Signposting your presentation will help you:

- to define the limits of the presentation.

- to focus the audience on the aspects of the topic you want to talk about.

· Here are some useful expressions for signposting a presentation.

- I’ll be developing three main points. First, I’ll give you ... Second … Lastly…

- My presentation will be in two main parts. In the first part I’ll ... And then I’ll …

- Firstly, I’d like to ... Secondly, we can ... And I’ll finish with...

When giving a presentation it is, of course, very important to engage the attention of the audience right at the beginning of the presentation. One way to do this is to make your introduction as interesting and lively as possible.

Involving the audience

· While doing research for your presentation, you may discover unusual or interesting facts and statistics about the topic. Include some of them in your introduction.

· Present them in a way that makes it easy for the audience to relate to them: e.g. one person in four may be easier to relate to than 25 per cent of the population.

· Use words like you, your, us, our to make your audience feel involved in your presentation.

· Illustrate the point of your presentation with examples or stories from life. This will help to bring your presentation to life.

· Ask the audience to do something, e.g. ask for a show of hands

· Ask the audience questions to involve them in the presentation. This is particularly appropriate for informal presentations when you have a small audience.

· With larger audiences use rhetorical questions – questions which encourage the audience to think, but which you answer yourself.

Exercise 2. Look at the table below. What would you say to outline the purpose of the three presentations? Complete the phrases on the right. The first one has been done for you as an example.

Exercise 3. Expand the three introductions. The introduction should include

- your statement of purpose;

- information about the main points which you will develop.

The first one has been done for you as an example:

Example. In this presentation I’ll be analysing the market for luxury holidays in the US. In the first part of the presentation I’ll be looking at holiday trends over the last two years in the US. Then, I’ll give you my ideas about the type of holidays we should be offering.

Exercise 4. You are at an international conference on Human Resources. You are going to give a presentation about selection and orientation procedures for employees due to go abroad. Develop the notes below as introduction for your presentation. Include:

- A statement of purpose;

- Signposting to outline the main points which you will develop in the presentation.

Exercise 5.You are the export manager of a British manufacturer of prestigious sports cars. Your company wants to increase its exports. At the moment exports represent 30 per cent of the business and are mainly to the US. The problem is that there are signs that the US market for sports cars is slowing down.

Prepare an introduction for the presentation. Start with some relevant background and end by stating the purpose of the presentation. Include these surprising facts as evidence that your cars will sell well Japan.

· A BMW is on display at Tokyo’s Narita Airport.

· Left – hand drive Mercedes are bought even though the Japanese drive on the left.

Exercise 6. The script below is the introduction for a presentation about sleep patterns and how they relate to executive stress. Re-work the introduction to:

a) Make the style more personal.

b) Give the content more impact for the audience.

Script.

Most people spend approximately 2,600 hours per year asleep. The purpose of this presentation is to present the findings of a study into people’s sleep habits. The study suggests that the time an individual spends asleep is inversely related to salary – companies which offer high salaries encourage individuals to substitute work for sleep.

The presentation is divided in two parts. The first part describes the findings of the study in more details. The second part examines the implications for executive stress.

Exercise 7.Choose one of the subjects below for a presentation.

– Water – Transportation in my city – Traffic – Energy sources in my country – the environment – air travel – The press – Pollution in towns – Stress in life

a) Complete the details about the presentation you are planning.

b) Brainstorm some points which you can develop in the presentation.

c) Decide on your main points and an appropriate order in which to present them.

d) Prepare an introduction for the presentation. Do it in two ways:

- Include a statement of purpose and a clear plan of the points you will develop.

- Bring your introduction to life.

Include questions, unusual or interesting facts or illustrate it with real life events.

Exercise 8. Prepare an introduction for your own presentation. Use one of the frameworks below to help you organize your ideas.

Exercise 9.Mr. Lopez is going to give a presentation of a new product to his colleagues in Citrus Inc., the soft drink manufacturer. He has drawn up a rough plan of the presentation. The plan shows the sequence of his talk and some of the phrases he intends to use.

1. Introducing yourself

a) Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen; b) We haven’t met before, so I’d better introduce myself, I’m _______ from _________; c) I hope you’ll excuse my English. I’m a little out of practice.

2. Preparing the audience

a) Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen; b) I’ll start with ____ and then move on to _________. Finally, I’m going to __________; c) I think, if you don’t mind we’ll leave questions to the end.

3. Delivering the message

a) Firstly ... secondly ... ; b) This brings me to my next point ... ; c) I must emphasize ... ; d) At this point we must consider ... ; e) Now, to digress for a moment ... ; f) To go back to my earlier point ... ; g) Finally ...

4. Winding – up

a) Before closing I’d like to summarize the main points again. b) That’s all I have to say for the moment ... ; c) Thank you for listening. ; d) Now if there are any questions I’ll be happy to answer them.

Exercise 10. A) Read the text.

Good morning ladies and gentlemen; we haven’t all met before so I’d better introduce myself. I’m Luis Lopez from the Development Department of Citrus Incorporated ... I should say before we start that I hope you’ll excuse my English, I’m a little out of practice ... Anyway, I’m going to be talking this morning about a new product which we are planning to launch in two months’ time; its called KOOL-OUT, that’s K-O-O-L dash O-U-T, and it’s a lemon-flavoured drink . . .

Well, I’ll start with the background to the product launch; and then move on to a description of the product itself; finally, I’m going to list some of the main selling points that we should emphasize in the advertising and sales campaign. I think if you don’t mind, we’ll leave questions to the end ...

Now firstly, as you all know, we have had a gap in our soft-drink product range for the last two years; we have been manufacturing mixed-fruit drinks and orange drinks for the last ten years, but we stopped producing lemonade two years ago; I think we all agreed that there was room on the market for a completely new lemon-flavoured drink ... Secondly, the market research indicated that more and more consumers are using soft drinks as mixers with alcohol so, in other words, the market itself has expanded. This brings me to my next point which is that we have a rather new customer-profile in mind; I must emphasize that this product is aimed at the young-professional, high-income, market and not the traditional consumer of old-fashioned lemonade. At this point we must consider the importance of packaging and design, and if you look at the video in a moment, you’ll see that we have completely revamped the container itself as well as the label and slogan.

... Now to digress for just a moment, the more sophisticated packaging means a high unit cost, and this may be a problem in the selling area, but we’ll have a chance to discuss that aspect later ... so ... to go back to my earlier point, this is a totally new concept as far as Citrus Incorporated are concerned; as you see we are using both the new-size glass bottle and the miniature metal cans. Finally, let’s look at the major attractions of the product. In spite of the higher price it will compete well with existing brands; the design is more modern than any of the current rival products, and incidentally the flavor is more realistic and natural … it’s low calorie, too.

O.K., so just before closing, I’d like to summarize my main points again... We have KOOL-OUT, a new design concept, aimed at a relatively new age and income group; it’s designed to be consumed on its own, as a soft drink, or to be used as a mixer in alcohol-based drinks and cocktails. It comes in both bottle and can and this will mean a slightly higher selling price than we are used to; but the improved flavor and the package design should give us a real advantage in today’s market ... Well, that’s all I have today for the moment, thank you for listening, now if there are any questions, I’ll be happy to answer them ...

B) Mark true or false against each statement given below.

a) Mr. Lopez is English.

b) We are planning to launch the product next week.

c) The new product is an orange – flavoured drink.

d) Citrus Incorporated have not produced a lemon drink for two years.

e) Everyone thinks there is a gap in the market.

f) Market studies prove that the market is shrinking.

g) We are aiming at a new type of consumer.

h) The container design is unchanged.

i) The design of the packaging will mean that the product is cheaper.

j) The drink comes in both bottles and cans.

k) The flavour is rather artificial.

l) The calorie – content of the drink is relatively low.

Exercise 11. Prepare your own presentation.

Литература

1. BBC Business English. Roger Owen. BBC English, 1992.

2. Powerhouse. An Intermediate Business English Course. David Evans, Longman.

3. Giving Presentations. Mark Ellis and Nina O’Driscoll, Longman Business English Skills.

4. English on Business. Gerald Lees and Tony Thorne. Издательство «Титул».

5. New International Business English. Leo Jones, Richard Alexander. Cambridge University Press.

6. Business Correspondence in English. Л. Васильева, Издательство «Айрис Пресс» – М., 1999.

7. Как писать письма по-английски. Издательство «Аура», 1991

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