ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY

1.smarta 1) quick in movement, brisk, as a smart walk (pace, trot, etc.), e. g. He gave him a smart rap over the knuckles.

2) clever, quick-witted, skilful, as a smart man (boy, lad, writer, student, lawyer, businessman, talker); a smart idea (retort, saying, device, invention, etc.), e. g. He's too smart for me. I can't prove his guilt. You are smarter than lam, I suppose. You know more about the world than I do. You've made a smart job of it.

3) clever, often in an impudent way, shrewd, as a smart answer (reply, etc.), e. g. Don't get smart with me, young man, or I'll slap your face. 4) bright in appearance, new looking, as a smart house (car, garden, ship, etc.), e. g. They've painted their cottage yellow and it looks so smart 5) elegant, as a smart dress (hat, shoes), smart clothes (society), e. g. I say, you do look smart.

a smart alec(k)an impudent person who thinks he is clever, e. g. He's a smart alec(k).

smarten upv to get you act together, e. g. The manager told the workers to smarten up and increase their weekly output.

2.exchangen giving one thing and receiving another in its place, e. g. That was a fair exchange. There was an exchange of notes between the two countries. Our flat was small, so we got an exchange.

in exchange,e. g. You've lost my book, so I'll take yours in exchange.

to get (give) smth in exchange (for smth),e. g. Roberta expected to get Fred's obedience in exchange for all her care. They were given a better flat in exchange for their old one.

exchangevt to give one thing and receive another thing for it, as to exchange glances (views, classes, greetings, opinions, prisoners, etc.), e. g. As the coat was a bad fit, he decided to exchange it. Let's exchange seats.

to exchange words (blows)to quarrel, to fight, e. g. The boys exchanged blows and went their ways.

Syn. swap/swop (informal), e. g. I want to sit where you're sitting. Shall we swap round?

3. guiltn the fact of having done wrong, e. g. There is no evidence of his guilt. A strong sense of guilt was written all over his face.

a guilt complex,e. g. With such strict parents it's no surprise that the boy has a guilt complex.

Syn. blame, e.g. He is the kind of man who always tries to shift the blame onto the others.

Syn. fault, e. g. She loves him in spite of his faults.

to find fault with smb (smth)to find smth wrong with smb, e. g. She's always finding fault (with everybody).

Syn. to pick on smb for smth wrong, e. g. Whose fault is it? It is entirely your fault that we are late. You are picking on me.

through no fault of one's own,e. g. It happened through no fault of my own.

through no fault of mine(hers, his, ours, etc.), e. g. Your Honour, I've been out of work through no fault of mine for two years.

Ant. merits.

guiltya having committed a crime, having done wrong, e. g. It is better to risk saving a guilty person than to condemn an innocent one.

Ant. innocent, guiltless

to be guilty of (doing) smth,e. g. The woman was guilty of giving false testimony.

to find smb guilty (innocent),e. g. the jury found the prisoner guilty.

(to have) guilty conscience, a guilty look, smile, etc.,e. g. No matter how hard he tried to prove that he was innocent, his guilty look betrayed him.

to look (feel, sound, etc.) guilty,e. g. Though Tom did not look guilty, Aunt Polly was sure he was telling a lie.

to plead (not) guilty(not) to admit the charge at a law-court, e. g. Why should I plead guilty to something I didn't do? The defendant pleaded (not) guilty.

4.trustn 1) belief in the goodness, justice, strength of a person or thing.

to have (put, repose) trust in smb (smth),e. g. A child usually has complete (perfect) trust in his mother. Put no trust in him.

Ant. mistrust

2) a combination of business or commercial firms, e. g. "Shell Oil" is a powerful oil trust.

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