A Planet in Peril

New words:

1.peril	небезпека	9.species	види	17.factor	враховувати
2.calamitous	шкідливий	10.extinction	зникнення	18.consideration	міркування
3.rate	рівень	11.habitat	ареал	19.shortage	недостача
4.sustain	підтримувати	12.rainforest	тропічний ліс	20.hike	різко піднімати ціни
5.renewable	поновлюване	13.gradual	поступовий	21.depletion	виснаження
6.relate	торкатись, бути пов’язаним	14.estimate	оцінювати	22.wetland	сильно вологі землі
7.ongoing	постійний	15.surge	зростання	23.replenish	поповнювати
8.accelerate	прискорювати	16.boost	підвищувати	24.impose	обкладати

It is generally acknowledged that in the world today there are potentially calamitous problems relating to environmental (1) ____ & overpopulated. The natural resources of this planet, its forests, fisheries & crop lands are already being used at such a rate that is unsustainable. We are already using the planet’s renewable resources faster (2) ___ . This trend is related to the ongoing & accelerating process of species extinction & the destruction of natural habitatssuch as the tropical rainforests, (3) ___ . This gradual destruction of the Earth’s biosphere, its animal & plant species together with their complex webs of self-sustenance, is certainly set to continue as human population growth & increased economic activity (4) ___ . The world’s population at the estimated 6.7 billion people today is projected to grow to over 9 billion people as early as 2050. This is coupled with massive growth in economic activity lead by the surging economies of China & India & further boosted (5) ___. If the planet is already struggling to cope with the demands placed upon it by the human race currently, when we also factor in these other considerations, then certainly we are heading for some interesting times. The United Nations Environmental Programme & the World Wildlife Fund for Nature issued a joint report in 2000 that said, “The world’s seas, fresh waters, forests & crop lands are being exploited at such a rate (6) ___ .” Also food shortages & food price hikes that were experienced by the world in 2008 may be the shape of things to come.

A destructions, resource depletion, global warming. B by economic growth in the rest of the world as well.

C whole ocean ecosystems, rivers & coastal wetlands. D that nothing will be left by 2075.

E than what the planet can replenish. F imposes more pressures on the planetary ecosystem. G together as a human race. H that support life on the Earth as we know it today.

12. Read the text below. For questions (1-12) choose the correct answer (A, B, C or D).

1.entertainment	розвага	6.exist	існувати	11.fuel	паливо
2.appear	з’являтись	7.touch	торкатись	12.speed	швидкість
3.instead	замість	8.demand	вимога, потреба	13.accident	нещасний випадок
4.feedback	зворотній зв’язок	9.predict	передбачати	14.exactly	точно
5.arrive	прибувати	10.cause	бути причиною	15.domain	галузь; володіння

Futurologists(1) ___ that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity, from entertainmentto technology. First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. Instead, people will (2) ___ a programme from a “menu” & a computer will send the programme directly to the television. Today, we can use the Worldwide Web to read newspaper stories & see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometres away. By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers & books will come to us by computer.

Then, Holographic Feedback TV will have arrived: holograms are pictures that have height, (3) ___ & depth. Simple holograms exist today & virtual reality games are (4) ___ popular. By 2050, we will be able to see, smell & touchthe things that we see on television.

And what (5) ___ the environment, water will have become one of our most serious problems. In many places, agriculture is changing & they are growing fruit & vegetables to (6) ___ . This uses a lot of water. Demandfor water will (7) ____ ten times between now & 2050 & there could be serious (8) ___. Some futurologists predictthat water could be the causeof war if we don’t act now.

In transport, cars will (9) ___ on new, clean fuels& they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car & there won’t be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactlywhere they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car & drive it to your (10) ___. On the other hand, space planes will take people halfway around the world in two hours. Nowadays, the United States Shuttle can go into space & land on the Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world & people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.

In thedomain of technology, robots will have (11) ___ people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots – they do not ask for pay (12) ___ or go on strike & they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere – in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops & homes.

#	A	B	C	D
	predict	foresee	declare	monitor
	select	choose	elect	make
	wide	widen	width	wides
	yet	already	just	since
	concerns	troubles	worries	distributes
	import	export	consume	sell
	decrease	reduce	increase	enlarge
	reductions	cutdowns	lessenings	shortages
	run	drive	go	work
	place	aim	destination	purpose
	changed	replaced	substituted	commuted
	raises	roses	rises	risings

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