What’s missing? If you are in doubt refer to the text.

1. During the early days of electronic computing devices, there was much discussions …. the relative merits of analog versus digital computers.

2. …. the end digital computing devices proved to have many advantages.

3. Now digital computers dominate the computing world …. in all areas.

4. The 1st and the 2nd units are limited …. the area …. digital, electronic computers.

5. Each generation is characterized …. improvements …. the previous generation …. technology.

6. Their machine won a gold medal …. the exhibition …. France …. 1855.

7. Later this machine was sold …. one …. the of observatories …. the US.

8. The first electronic computers had no moving parts that would wear …. .

9. Colossus played an important role …. breaking codes used …. the German army …. the World War II.

10. Turing machine was used …. the study …. computable functions.

11. The credit due …. Turing and his colleagues …. designing one of the first computers was slaw …. coming.

12. There is some controversy …. who deserves the credit …. the idea …. a stored program.

13. Computers are very useful … applied science.

14. Computer technology …. the first generation period was primitive.

5. Rearrange the words and get the right sentences:

1. was never / multi-purpose / device / the first / completed / computing/.

2. was / calculator / of / an /electronic / the machine / more /.

3. this idea / knows / who / the credit / for / nobody / deserves /.

4. are stored / as / the same / the instructions / medium / in/ data /.

5. generation / saw / the first / the second / super computers/.

6. enough / to hold / was / the instructions / and / large / data / the memory /.

7. in / were / useful / machines / applied / the first / electronic / science /.

8. the machine / were written / in / the first / code / out / programs /.

9. primitive / the beginning / very / technology / was in / software /.

10. as / performed / known / programs / the / translation / assemblers / task /.

6. Put the letters in order to make words, then use the words
to complete the sentences:

guicopmtn, raalccculto, somcprute, getchnoloy, ncbtontriuio, amgtdniue, mmdeiu, owls

1. Digital computers now dominate the …. world in all areas ranging from the hand …. to the supercomputer.

2. The mechanical era of …. lasted from 1623 up to 1945.

3. The main reason Babbage was not able to complete his projects was the fact that the …. of the day was not reliable.

4. Turing’s main …. to the field of computer science was
the idea of the Turing machine.

5. Through the use of a memory EDVAC was able to run orders of …. faster than ENIAC.

6. The designers stored instructions and data in the same …. .

7. The first computers were extremely ….. .

7. There are two words in each item. You must explain how is
«a» like «b» and how «a» differs from «b»:

1. (a) work, (b) job;

2. (a) difference, (b) likeness;

3. (a) competitor (b) opponent;

4. (a) mechanical computer, (b) electronic computer;

5. (a) gold, (b) silver;

6. (a) construct, (b) design;

7. (a) computer, (b) calculator;

8. (a) purpose (b) goal;

9. (a) fast (b) slow;

10. (a) complex (b) primitive.

8. Give the opposites of the following words:

1. early; 2. digital; 3. arise; 4. supercomputer; 5. evolution;
6. science; 7. wide; 8. be capable; 9. reliable; 10. merge;
11. complete; 12. win; 13. open; 14.finish; 15. external; 16. faster;
17. large; 18. modern; 19. be able; 20. powerful.

9. Give the synonyms of the following words:

1. evolution; 2. machine; 3. construct; 4. major; 5. need; 6. general; 7. found; 8. complete; 9. improve; 10. concentrate; 11. match.

<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
A. Bierce	\|	Look for a statement in this book or put your own idea in an oral frame and use it.

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