Fuel and lubrication

All moving parts of an automobile require lubrication. Without it, friction would increase power consumption and damage the parts. The lubricant also serves as a coolant, a noise-reducing cushion, and a sealant between engine piston rings and cylinder walls. The engine lubrication system incorporates a gear-type pump that delivers filtered oil under pressure to a system of wheel bearings and universal joints require a fairly stiff grease; other chassis joints require a soft grease that can be injected by pressure guns. Hydraulic transmissions require a special grade of light hydraulic fluid, and manually shifted transmissions use a heavier gear oil similar to that for rear axles to resist heavy loads on the gear teeth. Gears and bearings in lightly loaded components, such as generators and window regulators, are fabricated from self-lubricating plastic materials. Oil spray also lubricates the cams and valve lifters.

II. Look through the text again and answer the following questions:

1. What kinds of piston-type internal combustion engines do you know?

2. What was gasoline engine selected for?

3. Why did begin a return to smaller engines?

4. Why do all the moving parts of the automobile require lubrication?

5. What are gears and bearings in lightly loaded components fabricated from?

III. Match the words with their definitions and make up your own sentences with these words:

1. turbine	a) an engine that burns oil as fuel;
2. consumption	b) the arrival of an important event;
3. diesel	c) a machine or motor driven by a wheel which is turned by a current of water or steam;
4. advent	d) to press or squeeze smth. into a smaller space;
5. camshaft	e) the process of burning;
6. to compress	f) a rod with a cam on it joining parts of body;
7. layout	g) an ability to produce a satisfactory results;
8. efficiency	h)the way in which the parts of smth. are arranged;
9. lubricant	i) a device that allows part of a machine to turn smoothly;
10. bearing	j) a substance that is put on or in smth. to move easily;

IV. Find the information about new engine performance. While looking for information you are free to use the internet sites given below as well as any other online resources.

Make a short presentation in front of the class.

Resources recommended:

www.automobile.com

www.wikeipedia.com

www.motorcars.com

www.euromotocars.com

Text 22

I. Read the text about internal-combustion engines.

<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
Text 21	\|	Internal combustion engines

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