Types of computers

Digital computers can be divided into six main types, depending on their size and power: mainframes, minicomputers, desktop PCs, laptops, notebooks and handheld computers.

Mainframes are the largest and the most powerful computers. The basic configuration of a mainframe consists of a central system which processes immense amounts of data very quickly. This central system provides data information and computing facilities for hundreds of terminals connected together in a network. Mainframes are used by large companies, factories and universities.

Minicomputers are smaller and less powerful. They can handle multitasking, that is, they can perform more than one task at the same time. Minicomputers are mainly used as file servers for terminals. Typical applications include academic computing, software engineering and other sophisticated applications in which many users share resources.

PCs carry out their processing on a single microchip. They are used as personal computers in the home or as workstations for a group. Typical examples are the IBM PC, or the Apple Macintosh. Broadly speaking, there are two classes of personal computer: a) desktop PCs, that are designed to be placed on your desk, and b) portable PCs, which can be used as a tiny notebook. This is why they are called “notebooks” and “laptops”. The latest models can run as fast as similar desktop computers and have similar configurations. They are ideal for business executives, who travel a lot.

The smallest computers can be held in the hand. They are called handheld computers or palmtops. They are used as PC companions or as electronic organizers for storing notes, reminders and addresses.

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