Columbia University (1967)

Columbia University was founded in 1754 as King's College by royal charter of King George II of England. It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York and the 5^th oldest in the USA.

In July 1754, Samuel Johnson held the first classes in a new schoolhouse adjoining Trinity Church, located on what is now lower Broadway in Manhattan. There were eight students in the class. Among the earliest students and trustees of King's College were John Jay, the first chief justice of the United States; Alexander Hamilton, the first secretary of the treasury; G. Morris, the author of the final draft of the U.S. Constitution.

The college reopened in 1784 with a new name – Columbia. The revitalized institution was recognized as the descendant of its colonial ancestor.

During the last half of the 19^th century, Columbia rapidly assumed the shape of a modern university. Some new schools and colleges were added: the Columbia School of Law in 1858, Barnard College for women in 1889, the medical school in 1891, followed by Teachers College in 1893. The development of graduate faculties in political science, philosophy, and pure science established Columbia as one of the nation's earliest centres for graduate education. Since 1896 the institution has officially known as Columbia University in the City of New York.

The School of Journalism was established by bequest of Joseph Pulitzer in 1912. Franz Boas founded the modern science of anthropology here in the early decades of the 20^th century, and Thomas Morgan set the course for modern genetics. In 1928, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Centre, the first such centre to combine teaching, research, and patient care, was officially opened as a joint project between the medical school and the Presbyterian Hospital.

Research into the atom by faculty members I.I. Rabi, Enrico Fermi, and Polykarp Kusch brought Columbia's Department of Physics to international prominence in the 1940s. The founding of the School of International and Public Affairs in 1946 marked the beginning of intensive growth in international relations as a major scholarly focus of the University.

The University continues to set the highest standard for the creation and dissemination of knowledge, both in the USA and around the world. Columbia was proud to celebrate its 250^th anniversary in 2004.

Check your comprehension.

1. When was Columbia University founded? 2. Where is it situated now? 3. Who of the famous people studied in Columbia College? 4. When did the college get the status of the University? 5. What new schools and colleges were founded under Columbia University? 6. What new academic course originated the curriculum of the University? 7. What new sciences for studying appeared at the University in the 20^th century? 8. When was Columbia Medical Centre opened? 9. What physicists brought fame to Columbia University? 10. What anniversary has the Columbia University celebrated recently?

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Harvard University (1653)	\|	The University of San Francisco (1634)

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