Good business practice

Explanations and reasons

in order to ... (+ infinitive) because of... (+ noun)

This means that... is used to explain consequences: The cost of living has gone up. This means thatwages might increase.

The company is relocating. This means thatyou will need to move if you want to keep your jobs.

So that... can be used to explain reasons and choices:

We’ve updated our website so thatcustomers can order products online.

The company will move to Slovenia so thatit can remain competitive.

To give explanations and reasons we can also use owing

to and due to:

Owing to my family situation, I will not be moving to Slovenia ... (reason)

This was due to a rise in share prices ... (explanation)

Sometimes when we give explanations and reasons, we may be giving information that some of the audience may already know: As you may be aware, because of high production costs the company will move to ...

Listening1 (CD 21)

Howard Franks has been giving a presentation about staff motivation. Listen to him summarising his presentation and put his key points (a-e) in the correct order. Which point is not mentioned in his summary?

a Tell staff when they do something right. □

b Set clear goals that staff can achieve. □

с Help staff to learn new skills. □

dLet staff know that you will listen to new ideas. □

e Tell staff about any big changes. □

Listen again, and complete the summary. Take turns to read the summary to your partner.

To 1_____ , I'd like to ²^_________look at the ³^________points again. ⁴, help your staff to succeed by giving them clear, achievable objectives.⁵^_______, keep staff informed of any major changes. Worried people are not motivated people.'_____ , celebrate success. Let your staff know when they do something well. Don't just tell staff when they do something wrong.⁷, encourage initiative and creativity - create a working environment where everyone feels that their ideas will be heard.

Good business practice

Some cultures like presentations that entertain the audience. They use jokes and stories to illustrate points. Other cultures expect presentations to be serious. These presentations would have more facts and less direct contact with the audience.

	Informal	Formal
Dress	Casual	A business suit
Language	You use everyday expressions and short sentences to explain information.	You use formal expressions with technical vocabulary.
Audience	You use humour and stories to make the audience relax.	You do not use humour or stories. You keep to factual information.

Summarise and conclude

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