Nominal meaning

The third type of lexical meaning is called nominal, as it names, or marks with a specific label. Let us compare words like pen, distance, morale with words like Harry, James, Thomas.

Nominal meaning appeared as a result of capability of the human mind to integrate and differentiate. Thus, a class of words appeared in which the nominal meaning prevails. These words are called proper names, or proper nouns. In proper nouns the meaning is confined solely to naming the beings or things, whereas common nouns not only name, but signify the beings or things as well.

Nominal meanings frequently used by men-of-letters as a special stylistic device. This device is based on a peculiar interplay of 2 meanings: logical and nominal.

PART VI

LEXICAL EXPRESSIVE MEANS AND STYLISTIC DEVICES

SD based on the interaction of different meanings of a word

SD based on the interaction between two logical meanings of a word. Metaphor. Personification. Metonymy. Irony

The first group of lexical stylistic devices is based on the interaction between the logical meaning of a word and its contextual meaning. The interaction of the 2 meaning produces a definite stylistic effect. This group of stylistic devices includes metaphor, metonymy and irony. These stylistic devices are usually defined as stylistic devices based on transference of meaning. The transferred meaning of a word which may be manifested in a given context, is one of the fixed meanings of the word and it is part of its semantic structure. Thus this definition does not bring out the interaction of both the logical and contextual meanings. It is the interaction of these 2 meanings that produces a stylistic effect.

Stylistic devices may be genuine or trite. Genuine stylistic SD may be defined as the use of a word in which interaction of logical and contextual meanings is clearly brought out. If a certain SD tends to be widely used in speech it becomes hackneyed and loses its vividness.

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