Great Britain

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist ofinclude two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five thousand small islands.

2. The United Kingdom is made up of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory of Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated in the northern part of Ireland.

3. The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres. Its population is over 57 million. The capital of the country is London.

4. The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western part of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands. All the rest parts (south, east and centre) are a vast plain which is called the Lowlands. The mountains are not very high, Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountain (1,343 m). Scotland is also famous for its beautiful lakes. There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain, but they are not very long. The most important are the Severn and the Thames.

5. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain. It is mild all year round. The average temperature in winter is about 5 degrees above zero.

6. The country is not very rich in mineral resources, it has some deposits of coal and iron ore and vast deposits of oil and gas that were discovered in the North Sea.

7. The UK is a highly developed industrial country. The new "high tech" industries produce and export machinery, electronics, textiles, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. The main industrial centres are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool Glasgow and Bristol.

8. Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The most famous educational centres are Oxford and Cambridge universities. They are considered to be the intellectual centers of Europe.

9. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy headed byand the Queen. She iis the head head of the state but. But in practice the power of the monarch is limited by Parliament, which consists ofis made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Members of the House of Lords are appointed by the Queen, and the members of the House of Commons are elected by the people. The government is formed by the political party in power. The head of the government is the Prime-Minister.

10. The official language of the UK is English. It is spoken in many countries of the world: the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India and others. The state symbol is the Union Jack flag. The national emblem is the lion.

In pairs, Agive the answers to the following questions to the text:

1. Where is the United Kingdom situated?

2. What islands do the British Isles consist of?

3. What oceans and seas are the British Isles washed by?

4. How many parts does the Island of Great Britain consist of and what are they called?

5. Are there any high mountains in Great Britain?

6. How do you think what sea most of the rivers flow into?

7. What mineral resources is Great Britain rich in?

8. What is the climate like in Great Britain and why is it mild and warm?

9. What is the population of Great Britain?

10. What can you say about the political system of the country?

11. What English speaking countries do you know?

12. Do you think that knowledge of English is important nowadays? Why? Why not?

Find the correct ending:

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2. The United Kingdom consists of 3. The British Isles are washed by 4. Great Britain is separated from the continent 5. Rivers in Great Britain are not very long, 6. The climate of Great Britain is warm and mild 7. Great Britain is a 8. The Head of the country is the Queen 9. The British Parliament consists of two Houses: 10. London is the capital of Great Britain and the economic, political and cultural centre of the country. 11. It is the important port and one of 12. The university towns are

a. constitutional monarchy. b. the House of Commons and the House of Lords. c. is situated on the British Isles. d. but her power is limited by the Parliament. e. because it is influenced by the Gulf Stream. f. the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish Sea, the North Sea. g. Oxford and Cambridge. h. by the English Channel. i. the largest cities in the world. j. the following parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. k. the most important are The Severn and The Thames.

Complete the sentences:

1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island is situated on … .

2. The British Isles are separated … .

3. The United Kingdom is made up ... .

4. The surface of Great Britain … .

5. The mountains are not … .

6. There are a lot of rivers … .

7. The climate of the country … .

8. The country is not very rich in … .

9. The new "high tech" industries t produce and export … .

10. The main industrial centres are … .

11. Great Britain is a country with … .

12. The United Kingdom is … .

13. The power of the monarch is … .

14. The head of the government is … .

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