IV. Grammar presentation methods

There are different ways of presenting grammar in the classroom. Among them, three are most frequently sued and discussed:

 deductive method

 inductive method

 guided discovery method.

1. Deductive method:

The deductive method relies on reasoning, analyzing and comparing. It’s teaching procedure is:

 teacher’s example on the board

 teacher’s explanation of the rules (in student’s native language)

 student’s practice application of the rules.

Advantages:

 good for selected and motivate students

 save time to explain complex rules

 increase students’ confidence in examination

Disadvantages:

 grammar is taught isolatedly

 little attention is paid to meaning

 the practice is often mechanical

Inductive method

In the inductive method, the teacher provides learners with authentic language data and induces the learners to realize grammar rules without any form of explicit (clear) explanation. Students will become evident to the grammar rules if they are given enough appropriate examples.

It’s teaching procedure is:

 authentic language presentation(give grammar examples)

 let students observe, analyse, compare examples

 help students induct grammar rules

 more examples.

Advantages:

 inspire students’ thinking activities

 motivate students’ learning interests

 grammar is taught in context.

Disadvantages:

 the presentation of grammar is more complex and time consumption

 grammar is not taught directly

 some rules can not be induced easily

It is believed the inductive method is more effective in that students discover the grammar rules themselves while engaged in language use. This is especially true with grammatical regularities which are easily perceived, understood and applied.

The guided discovery method

Similar to the inductive method

 the students are induced to discover rules by themselves (similar)

 the process of the discovery is carefully guided and assisted by the teacher and the rules are then elicited and taught explicitly.(different)

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