Ukraine

Ukraine is a sovereign state with its own territory and its bodies of state power and government. It also has national emblem: state flag and anthem. Ukraine proclaimed its independence on August 24, 1991, and confirmed this status on December 1st of the same year.The country is situated in the south-eastern part of Central Europe. It covers the area of 604,000 square kilometers. The territory of Ukraine consists of the Autonomy Republic of Crimea and 24 regions. Ukraine is inhabited by people belonging to more than 110 ethnic groups. The population of Ukraine is nearly 50 million people. It borders on Poland, Slovakia and Hungary in the west and on Romania and Moldova in the southwest. Its northern neighbor is Byelarus, the eastern one is Russia.The territory of Ukraine is mostly flat, and mountains make up only 5% of its territory. There are the Carpathian Mountains in the west and the Crimean Mountains in the south. The climate of Ukraine is moderate.

The main rivers of Ukraine are the Dnipro, the Dnister, the Buh and Donets and others. The Dnipro is the main river in the country.lt’s one of the longest rivers in the world. Ukraine is washed by the Black Sea and the sea of Azov and has such important ports as Odesa, Mariupol, Mykolaiv, Kherson.The geographical position of Ukraine is favourable, because the country lies on the crossroad of the ways from Asia to Europe.Like any other country in the world Ukraine has big cities; among them are Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine; Kharkiv, which used to be the capital of Ukraine and now its an important industrial and cultural centre; Donetsk is a coal-mining and chemical centre; Odesa is a big sea-port; Lviv is a large scientific and cultural centre and a lot of others. Due to favourable climatic conditions, Ukraine is traditionally an agricultural country. Wheat and corns, all kinds of fruit are grown here. The country is rich in national resources, such as iron ore,coal, gas. It produces planes, ships, lorries, buses, TV and radio-sets, and other goods.

Active Words and Word Combinations:

sovereign — незалежний

anthem – гімн

confirm — підтвердити

moderate — помірний

favourable — сприятливий

to lay on the crossroad – знаходитися на перетині

Ouestions:

I . What is the national emblem of Ukraine?

2. Where does the country situated?

3. By what seas is Ukraine washed?

4. What national resources is the country rich in?

5. Which countries does it border on’?

Teacher ________________I.S.Kokovihinа

Theme Kyiv the capital of Ukraine”

1. READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT.

2. RETELL THE TEXT.

Kyiv

Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine.It has a long history and this makes Kyiv stand out among other cities. In 1982, its 1500th anniversary we celebrated in the country. It was called “The Mother of All Russian Cities”. Kyiv bears the name of prince Kyi.Kyiv is the seat of the Supreme Court and Cabinet of Ministers. Its population is about 3 million. Kyiv occupies an area of 790 square kilometers. The city lies on both banks of the Dnipro.

Kyiv is the largest centre of national culture. A lot of concert-halls, fifteen museums, palaces of culture,film studios,the circus make Kyiv a large cultural centre in Ukraine.The Shevchenko Opera and Ballet House, the Kyiv Franko Drama Theatre are well-known all over the world. Museum of Books and Book Printing, museums devoted to dramatic and film art, memorial museums devoted to outstanding personalities are situated in Kyv.

Kyiv is also one of the biggest scientific centers. The Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and many research institutes are famous for its discoveries. More than 10.000 students study at the Shevehenko National University There are over 20 higher educational establishments in Kyiv.Kyiv is famous for its beauty, for its wonderful broad avenues, lots of chestnut trees and flowers all over the city. A remarkable feature of our time is that people travel a lot. Those who are fond of visiting historical and cultural places usually dwell their choice on ancient cities. The older the city is the more places of interes it has. That’s why Kyiv is quite an interesting place from this view point. Tourists are attracted by numerous places of interest in Kyiv. They are Kyivo — Pecherska Lavra, St. Sophia’ s Cathedral, the Golden Gate, the monuments to T. G. Shevchenko, the great poet of Ukraine, to Bohdan Khmelnytsky and Prince Volodymyr. Kyiv has a well — developed industry. Its factories and plants produce sea and river transport vessels, air liners, computers, motorcycles, consumer goods.

Active Words and Word Combinations:

to bear the name — носити ім‘я

anniversary — річниця

to devote — присвячувати

broad — широкий

to dwell — зупиняти

numerous — числений

vessel — судно, корабелб

consumer goods – споживчі товари

Qiestions:

1. Whose name does Kyiv bear?

2. Where does the city lie?

3. Is science paid much attention to in Kyiv?

4. Is Kyiv culture or science centre?

5. Say a few words about the cultural places in Kyiv.

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