It is a yellow-brown gas with a strong smell, b.p. 9.7 oC (DHof = 109.5 kJ/mol). ClO2 is used for bleaching or for sterilization of various materials (paper mass, flour and others like that). With its help phenol is eliminated in waste waters of chemical factories.
Preparation.In industry:
2NaClO3 + SO2 + H2SO4 = 2ClO2 + 2NaHSO4
In laboratory
2KClO3 + H2C2O4 = K2CO3 + CO2 + 2ClO2 + H2O
(in the presence of H2SO4).
The CO2 evolved dilutes ClO2 and diminishes its explosiveness. At cooling of the mixture to +10оС, the gaseous ClO2 liquefies into a red-brown liquid which easily separates from CO2 and O2.
Cl2 + 2AgClO3 = 2AgCl + ClO2 + O2
(Cl2 should be dried up very carefully).
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