Irish Lesson 80

PRONUNCIATION REVIEW

Pronounce the letter group "ae" (ay*) as if it were "é". The reason for this group is to allow a broad consonant to precede it. Examples: lae (lay*), of day, the genitive form of "lá"

tae (tay*), tea

traen (tray*n), train

Gael (gway*l), Gael

Note that a slender consonant before an "é" would give a different sound to the word above:

"lé" would differ from "lae", for which the broad "l" imparts a trace of (uh) sound between the "l" and "ae"

tévs tae

tréan vs traen

géill vs Gael and its faint (uh) or (wuh) sound between the "g" and "ae"

GRAMMER

Continuing with the first declension of nouns, we now take up other aspects of formation of the possessive or genitive case.

If a first-declension noun begins with a vowel, the vowel remains unchanged in the genitive, but the last consonant or sound will change to a slender one. Examples:

adhmad, praghas an adhmaid (EYE-muhd, preyes un EYE-mwid); timber, the timber's price

úll, blas anúill (ool, blahs un OO-il); apple, the apple's taste

aonach, láan aonaigh (AY*-nuhk*, law* un AY*-nee), fair, the day of the fair

If the word to be put into the genitive case begins with "s", a "t" will be placed before it and eclipse the sound of the "s", if the "s" is followed by a vowel or by "l, n, r". Learn these examples before trying to memorize the rule:

samhradh, láan tsamhraidh (SOU-ruh, law* uh TOU-ree), summer, the summer day

sagart, teach an tsagairt (SAH-guhrt, tahk* uh TAH-girt), priest, the priest's house

The genitive case follows many compound prepositions (having two words) in Irish. For example, "in aice" (in A-ke), means "near", and "near the house" is "in aice an tí" (in A-kuh TEE).

Other examples:

taréis (tahr AY*SH), after; taréis an amhráin (tahr AY*SH un ou-RAW*-in), after the song

le linn (le ling), during; le linn an dinnéir (le LING uh din-YAY*R)

Several simple prepositions, too, take the genitive. Two of these are: chun (k*un), to; chun an aonaigh (k*un un AY*N-nee), to the fair

timpeall (TIM-puhl), around; timpeall an chnoic (TIM-puhl uh K*NIK), around the hill

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