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Cleachtadh briathra: practice with verbs

Read the following sentences aloud, or have someone who is familiar with the pronunciation guide of these lessons read them to you. Do not translate them in your mind. Instead, form a mental picture of, and perhaps an emotion concerning, the idea and the agent.

Ullmhaímid bia le haghaidh an lóin.

Níor ullmhaíomar an fheoil inné.

Nach n-ullmhaímid an t-iasc roimh an fheoil?

An ullmhóimid dinnéar roimh teacht do mhic?

D'ullmhóimis ceann eile, dámbeimis in ann an fheoil a fháil.

Deisíodh an seandroichead taréis na timpiste.

Déantar pinn níos fearr náiad sin.

Cheapfágo mbeidís gan mhaith ar bith.

Ghoidfíé, dábhfágfá(VWAWK-faw*) ar an tsráidé.

Key: We prepare food for the lunch. We didn't prepare the meat yesterday. Don't we prepare the fish before the meat? Will we prepare dinner before the coming of your son? We would prepare another one, if we were able to get the meat. The old bridge was repaired after the accident. Better pens than those are made. You would think that they were no good at all. It would be stolen, if you were to leave it on the street.

Notes: "Teacht" is a verbal noun and can serve as an ordinary noun.

Graiméar

The verb "is" has its own modh foshuiteach, aimsir láithreach, or subjunctive, present tense. It is very simple: gura (GU-ruh) and nára (NAW*R-uh) are the forms before words beginning with any consonant, including "f". Before words beginning with a vowel, the form becomes "gurab" (GUR-uhb) and "nárab" (NAW*R-uhb). These four forms generally occur only in certain expressions, such as the examples here:

Gura slán an scéalaí(SHKAY*L-ee); good luck to the story teller.

Nára mhaith an mhaise (VWAH-shuh) dóé; I hope it's no good to him.

Gurab amhlaidh (OU-lee) duit; May it be the same to you. This is the reply to "Nollaigh shona dhuit", Merry Christmas, etc.

Nárab olc an mhaise dóé; I hope that he will benefit from it.

Foirmeacha le "ar"

To ask another person to describe something, say, "Cuir síos air". Literally, this means, "Put down on it".

"Send for him" is: Cuir fios air; put knowledge on him.

To ask someone to force another person to do something, say "Tabhair airéa dhéanamh" (YAY*N-uhv).

"Socraigh air" means "Decide on it".

Cleachtadh leo seo:

Cuirfinn síos ar an teach, dámbeifeáanseo; I would describe the house, if you were here. Cuireadh fios ar an ndochtúir; the doctor was sent for. Nár chuire túsíos ar an timpiste; I hope you won't describe the accident. Chuirfinn fios ar m'iníon; I used to send for my daughter.

Thug séorm an carr a fháil; he made me get the car. Thabharfadh séar a mháthair a bhricfeasta a ullmhú, dámbeadh sísa bhaile; he would make his mother get (prepare) his breakfast, if she were home.

Socraíonn siad ar chruinniúgo tapaidh (TAHP-ee); they decide on a meeting quickly. Shocraíomar ar bhrat urláir aréir; we decided on a rug last night.

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