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Text B: Software alternatives

During the design phase, the project team might consider different software alternatives, such as whether to construct the system “from scratch” in a programming language, use an application development tool, purchase commercial software, or select a turnkey system.

Creating an information system “from scratch” requires development time and expertise. It is also usually costly but offers the most flexibility for meeting the system requirements. The team also selects the programming language to use.

An application development tool contains building blocks that can be assembled into a software product. The application development tools include expert system shells and database management systems. An application development tool help the programmers quickly and easily develop the modules for an information system, but it might limit the ways to implement some system features.

Commercial software for an information system is usually a series of preprogrammed software modules. Although it requires minimal development time, software features might not exactly match business needs. Commercial software is available for standard business functions, such as human resource management, accounting, for many market businesses and organizations.

A turnkey system consists of hardware and commercial software designed to offer a complete information system solution. It requires minimal effort to select and set up, but must be extensively evaluated to determine whether it can satisfy system requirements.

Mark the following statements as True or False.

1. Creating an information system “from scratch” using a programming language can take many months or years.
2. Application development tools might offer the same level of flexibility as a programming language.
3. Commercial software might require extensive customization.
4. Commercial software can be modified to meet every system requirements.
5. A turnkey system is essentially an “information system in a box”.

Put the letters in the following words into the correct order.

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