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Part II

SCSI (pronounced «skuzzy»), acronym for small computer system interface. One type of standard interface used to connect computers to devices such as hard discs, printers, scanners, and CD-ROM drivers. 1) __________

There are several peripheral devices that can be attached to a computer: VDT (visual display terminal) or monitor, the primary device for displaying information from the computer; keyboard, the primary device for entering information into the computer; mouse, the primary device for navigating and interacting with the computer; disc drive units for mass memory storage (e.g. (CDs, floppy, etc.), scanners for copying pictures and texts, printers for printed output, and modem (acronym for modulator-demodulator) for connecting to the internet.

Every of mentioned above peripheral devices connected to the computer needs a driver program, a program that controls it. 2) __________ For example, it is necessary for some purposes to connect different types of printers, each with its own special operating codes, to the same type of computer. This is possible because driver programs are supplied to translate the computer's standard printing commands into the special commands needed for each printer.

As it was mentioned before, immediate access memory or in­ternal memory describes the memory locations that can be ad­dressed directly by the central processing unit. It is either read only or read / write. Read only memory stores information that must be constantly available and is unlikely to be changed. 3) __________ Read / write memory is volatile - it stores programs and data only while the computer is switched on.

External memory (backing storage) is nonvolatile memory located outside the central processing unit, used to store programs and data that are not in current use. It is provided by such devices as mag­netic discs - floppy and hard discs or optical discs - CD ROM.

Floppy disc is a storage device consisting of a light flexible disc enclosed in a plastic. It is placed in a disc drive, where it ro­tates at high speed. 4) __________ Present day average floppy discs hold not more than several megabytes, depending on the disc size, recording method, and whether one or both sides are used.

CD ROM (compact disc read-only memory) is a storage de­vice developed from the technology of the audio compact disc. It consists of a plastic coated metal disc, on which binary digital information is etched in the form of microscopic pits. 5) __________ CD ROMs hold 500-700 megabytes and аre used in distributing large amounts of texts and graphics. On CD RWs (read and write discs) it's possible to rewrite information many times. DVD can hold the amount of information up to several gigabytes.

At the end it's necessary to touch the question ofdifferent kinds of connections.

Slot is a rectangular opening inside a computer into which can be inserted, for example, a printed circuit board.

Port (an external connection) - the socket that is used to connect the cable for a peripheral device to. The computer has different ports. Parallel port is commonly used to connect a printer. 6) __________ The buses connect the computer to all peripheral devices. AGP (accelerated graphics ports) is a very high-speed connection used by the graphics card to interface with the computer.

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