• Гідрологія і Гідрометрія
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• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

PREVENTION OF COMPUTER CRIMES IN BANKING.

1. Read the text and answer the following questions:

1) What is engineering information security meant for? 2) What are the main means of information security? 3) What are the physical means of protection necessary for? 4) Enumerate the main functions of hardware means of security. 5) What aims are realized with the help of software security means? 6) What do the organizational security means concerned?

Applying the modern technical means of the information security has become the significant element of the computer crime prevention in banking.

The engineering information security with restricted access in the automated systems and means of computer engineering meant for forming, transferring, accepting, transforming, displaying and keeping some information is provided with a complex of designer, organizational programme and engineering measures at all stages of their creation and their work. The main methods and means of engineering information security with the restricted access in the automated systems and means of computer engineering are:

• the use of protected equipment;

• the regulation of users’ work, operating personnel, software, elements of databases and information carriers with the restricted access (access delimitation);

• the regulation of the architecture of automated systems and means of computer engineering;

• technical and engineering equipping of rooms and communications meant for exploitation of the automated systems and means of computer engineering;

• the search for laying devices, their revealing and blocking.

These measures can play serious generally preventive role in the fight with computer crimes at their skillful and comprehensive use.

There are main means of information security: physical measures, hardware means, software means, hardware and software means, cryptographic and organizational methods. The physical means of protection are the measures which are necessary for outer protection of a computer, the territory and the objects on the basis of computer engineering which are specially meant for creating the physical obstacles on possible ways of penetration and access of the potential infringes to the components of information systems and data which are under protection.

The hardware means of security are various mechanical and electronic means and other system devices which are embedded in the serial blocks of electronic systems of data processing and data transferring to provide internal security of computer facilities: terminals, devices of data input and output, processors, transmission links, etc.

The main functions of hardware means of security are :

• the inhibition of the unauthorized remote access to the distant user;

• the inhibition of the unauthorized remote access to the databases as a result of the casual or intentional activity of staff;

• the protection of the software integrity.

Software security means are necessary to accomplish logical and intellectual functions of security which embedded in the software tools of the system.

There are some aims of the safety which are realized with the help of software security means:

• check of the loading and login with the help of a password system;

• delimitation and check of access rights to the system resources, terminals, exterior lives, constant and temporary data sets, etc.;

• file protection from viruses;

• automatic control of users’ operations in the way of logging their activity.

The organizational security means of the computer information make up the set of measures concerning staff recruitment, inspection and training of the staff who participate in all stages of information process.

The experience of foreign countries testifies that the most effective security of information systems is bringing in the position of the specialist on computer safety or creating special services, both private and centralized ones depending on a particular situation. The availability of such a department (service) in a bank system according to the foreign specialists decreases two-fold the undertaking of crimes in the sphere of computer technologies.

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