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Types of Tourism

Sports Tourism. It refers to travel which involves either viewing or participating in a sporting event. Sport tourism is a fast growing sector of the global travel industry.

Sports tourism is classified: Hard Sports Tourism, Soft Sports Tourism, Sports Event Tourism, Celebrity and Nostalgia Sport Tourism and Active Sport Tourism:

v Hard sport tourism refers to the quantity of people participating at competitive sport events. Normally these kinds of events are very motivated and attract many visitors. Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup, F1 Grand Prix and regional events such as NASCAR Sprint Cup Series could be described as hard sports tourism.

v Soft Sport Tourism is when the tourist travels to participate in recreational sporting. Hiking, Skiing and Canoeing can be described as soft sports tourism.

v Sport event tourism refers to the visitors who visit a city to watch events. An example of this would be during the Olympics. Each Olympic host city receives an immense amount of tourists.

v Celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visits to the sports halls of fame and venue and meeting sports personalities.

v Active sport tourism refers to those who participate in the sports or events.

Medical tourism (also called medical travel, or health tourism) could be defined as patient movement for medical care. Services include elective procedures as well as complex specialized surgeries such as joint replacement (knee/hip), cardiac surgery, dental surgery, and cosmetic surgeries. Individuals with rare genetic disorders may travel to another country where treatment of these conditions is better understood.

Over 50 countries have identified medical tourism as a national industry. However, accreditation and other measures of quality vary widely across the globe, and some destinations may become hazardous or even dangerous for medical tourists.

Factors that have led to the increasing popularity of medical travel include the high cost of health care, long wait times for certain procedures, the ease and affordability of international travel, and improvements in both technology and standards of care in many countries. The avoidance of waiting times is the leading factor for medical tourism from the UK, whereas in the US, the main reason is cheaper prices abroad. In 2009, there were 60,000 patients going for treatment abroad in the UK.

Medical tourists come from a variety of locations including Europe, the Middle East, Japan, the United States, and Canada. Factors that drive demand for medical services abroad in First World countries include: large populations, high wealth, the high expense of health care or lack of health care options.

The cost of surgery in India, Thailand or South Africa can be one-tenth of what it is in the United States or Western Europe, and sometimes even less. A heart-valve replacement that would cost $200,000 or more in the US, for example, goes for $10,000 in India - and that includes round-trip airfare.

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