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WHAT IS ENGINEERING?

Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following words:

Engineering is the (1) __________ , art and profession of using technical, scientific, and (2) __________ knowledge to design and put into practice materials, structures, machines, devices, systems, and processes that safely realize a desired objective or invention.

The American Engineers' Council for Professional Development (ECPD) has defined (3) _________ as follows: “The creative application of scientific principles to (4) __________ or develop structures, machines, apparatus, or manufacturing processes and to forecast their behavior under specific operating conditions”.

One who practices engineering is called an (5) __________ . Engineers may have more formal designations such as Professional Engineer, Chartered Engineer, Incorporated Engineer, or European Engineer. The broad discipline of engineering includes a range of more specialized sub-disciplines. Each of these sub-disciplines has a more specific emphasis on certain fields of application and particular areas of technology.

Engineers apply the sciences of physics and (6) __________ to find suitable (7) __________ to problems or to make improvements to the status quo. More than ever, engineers are now required to have (8) __________ of different relevant sciences for their design projects, as a result, they have to keep on learning new material throughout their career.

If multiple options exist, engineers think of different design choices and their advantages (or pluses) and choose the solution that best matches the requirements. The most important and unique task of the engineer is to identify, understand, and forecast the possible future result of a design in order to (9) __________ a successful product. It is usually not enough to build a technically successful product; it must also meet further requirements.

Engineers should foresee different available resources, physical, imaginative or technical limitations, flexibility for future modifications and additions, and other factors, such as requirements for cost, safety, marketability, productibility, and (10)__________ . By understanding these factors, engineers (11) __________ specifications for the limits within which a successful system may be produced and operated.

Now answer the following questions about the text:

12) What is Engineering?
13) What does the word “engineer” mean?
14) Why do engineers have to keep on learning all their lives?
15) What is important in engineering in order to produce a successful product?

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