WHILE-LISTENING

Watch the video and answer the following questions:

6. What is the optical fiber called by the speaker?

7. What analogy is used to simplify the idea of an optical fibre transmission?

8. What historical event is mentioned in the track?

9. What does the speaker demonstrate on a diagram?

10. How many elements are shown on the diagram? What are they?

11. What is the purpose of each element?

12. Watch and listen to the following part of the video track and fill in the gaps in the following text with the words you hear:

00:35 – 01:24

So, put yourself in a (1) __________ World War II setting. You are on a (2) __________ . It’s (3) __________ , and it’s (4) __________ , and it’s (5) __________ . And you want to (6) __________ another ship, so you can, perhaps, ask for some (7) __________ , using your telescope. So, you search for a ship, you try to find one … and… There! You find a ship! Immediately you (8) __________the captain that ship is nearby. The (9) __________ sends a (10) __________ to the (11) __________ to (12) __________ to the other ship. The sailor runs up to the deck and transmits the (13) __________ using a handy flashlight into a Morse code. So, the sailor on the other ship (14) __________ the Morse code (15) __________ and (16) __________ it to the captain of the other ship. And they go back and forth. So, you get the point!

13. What does the word “flashlight” mean?

POST-LISTENING

14. Try to make your own summary of the video track and tell about the process of how optical fibre system works.

HOW DOES OPTICAL FIBRE WORK?

(03:33)

PRE-LISTENING

1. Do you know the following words? Study the meaning of the words:

“to spell”, “solid”, “to extend”, “angle”, “to coat/to be coated”.

WHILE-LISTENING

Watch the video and answer the following questions:

2. Why does the speaker mention Britain and America?

3. Why did the speaker draw a triangle on the board?

4. Where is the principle of a prism used? What for?

5. What is the idea of a prism called?

6. At what angle does the idea of a prism work?

7. Do we have the same situation with optical fibres?

8. Can we say that optical fibre is a tube?

9. Why are the optical fibres coated?

10. What is the most common use of optical fibres?

11. What other sphere of usage is mentioned?

POST-LISTENING

12. Watch and listen to the video track again. Try to understand everything the speaker is talking about. Try to make a summary of what he tells.

TUNNELS, DAMS AND CANALS (CHANNELS)

Part I

How many different dams or tunnels can you think of?

* (“Engineering” Workshop by Lindsey White, OUP; Unit 15, pg.17, ex.1)

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WHILE-LISTENING	\|	Try to make questions about the Kazan Underground and the Kazan Millennium Bridge (use ex. 4 as an example). Then try to find answers to the questions.

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