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Simple Proteins – representatives, properties and role

Albumins (A)are the value proteins, with molecular mass from 50000 up to 70000D. They are precipitated by boiling. They are good dissolved in water, solutions of alkalis and neutral salts. They are salted out by neutral salts at complete saturation. There are a lot of monoaminodicarboxylic acids in their primary structure, because they have acidic properties and isoelectric point equal 5, owing to what they have large negative charge and high mobility. They are good hydrated and have high absorbic ability. A. are more than 50% of all proteins of plasma of blood where they create oncotic pressure of plasma what hold the water into blood vessels. They take part in transfer of medicines and bad dissolved substances, carry out protective function. They carry out absorbtion of toxic product of endogenic (fatty acids, bilirubine) and exogenic (heavy metals, poisons) origin.

A. are widely distributed in a nature and they are called accordingly on a source of detection: serum, muscular, dairy, egg… .

A. increase of volume of circulating blood, detoxical properties of blood, they are used in restoration of oncotic pressure of plasma.

Globulins [G]

It is a very large group of value proteins. Their molecular mass is from 75000 D up to 150000D. They are precipitated by boiling, are not dissolved in water but dissolved in salt’s solution and alkalis. There are a lot of neutral aminoacids (a/a) in their primary structure, they have small negative charge and low mobility. IEP (isoelectric point) is equal 6,9.

G are weak hydrated proteins and they are salted out in half saturated solutions of neutral salts.

There are few types of G in blood. They differ from each other on their charge , mol. mass and mobility in electrical field. They are marked by Greek words: α1, α2, β, γ. There are many representatives of globulins in our body (immunoglobulines (γ), haptoglobin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin etc).

G-s are widely distributed in a nature and are called depending on their localization – dairy, serum, muscular, eggs… .

G increase immunological reactivity of organism and that is why they are widely used in medicine.

G are increased during inflammation and diseases. The analysis of quantity and fractions of G have huge diagnosis significance.

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