Mononucleotides

Nucleoside Phosphoric a.

Pentose Nitrogenous bases

Ribose Deoxyribose Purines Pyrimidines (cytosine, uracil, thymin)

(adenine, guanine)

Adenine (6-aminopurine) Thymine (5-methyluracil)

Guanine (2-amino, 6-oxypurine) Uracil (2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine)

Cytosine (2-hydroxy, 6-aminopyrimidine)

The mentioned above bases are jointed with pentose and form nucleosides. When nitrogenous bases are jointed with ribose they are named ribo nucleosides and are included in structure RNA (f.e. adenosine, guanosine, cytidile, uridile). When they are jointed with deoxyribose they are named deoxynucleosides are included in structure DNA only a symbol “d” to put before their name – deoxyadenosine – d-adenosine, deoxythymidine – d-thymidine.

When nucleosides or d-nucleosides are jointed with p.a. by ether bonds they form nucleotides or nucleosidephosphates (see tabl.). The quantity of p.a. may be 1, 2, 3.

The second and third molecules of p.a. are jointed to nucleotides by macroergic bonds ( bonds with very high energy – high energy bonds ~ (symbol) – 33 nj/mole).

Table 4 The composition and names of nucleosides, nucleotides and their phosphoric derivatives

Nitrogenous bases	Pentose	Nucleosides	Nucleotides	Phosphoric derivatives of nucleotides

Adenine (A)	Ribose, deoxyribose	Adenosine, deoxyadenosine	Adenosinemono phosphate – AMP deoxyadenosinemonophosphate – d-AMP	Adenosinediphosphate – ADP, Adenosinetriphosphate – ATP, Deoxyadenosine diphosphate – d-ADP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate – d-ATP
Guanine (G)	Ribose, deoxyribose	Guanosine deoxyguanosine	Guanosinemono phosphate – GMP deoxyguanosinomonophosphate – d-GMP	Guanosinediphosphate – GDP, Guanosinetriphosphate – GTP, Deoxyguanosine diphosphate – d-GDP, deoxyguanosine triphosphate – d-GTP
Cytosine (G)	Ribose, deoxyribose	Cytidine Deoxycytidine	Cytidinemono phosphate – CMP deoxycytidinemonophosphate – d-CMP	Cytidinediphosphate – CDP, Cytidinetriphosphate – CTP, Deoxycytidine diphosphate – d-CDP, deoxycytidine triphosphate – d-CTP
Thymine (T)	deoxyribose	Deoxythymidine	Deoxythymidinemonophosphate – d-CMP	Deoxythymidine diphosphate – d-TDP, deoxythymidine triphosphate – d-TTP
Uracile (U)	Ribose	Uridine	Uridinemonophosphate – UMP	Uridinediphos phate – UDP, uridinetriphospha te – UTP

STRUCTURE OF DNA

<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
Nucleoproteins (NP)	\|	Primary st. of DNA is a spirally one polynucleotides chain (PNC), the disposition of nucleotides in which determine all hereditary properties of organism.

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