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Androgens

The main androgen is testostrone.

The chemical nature: this is a derivative of cholesterol and it has a double bond between C4 and C5; ketogroup in C3 and OH-group in in C17.

The physiologic action:

1) promotes the development of secondary sexual features

2) promotes the sexual differentiation of embryo

3) influences on growth of hairs on pubis, axillary area and corpus, but doesn’t influence on growth of hairs on the head

4) stimulates formation of spermatozoas

5) promotes male behavior

6) increases muscular mass

7) stimulates erythropoesis

8) possesses weak action of mineralocorticoids

Biochemistry of blood plasma

Organic constituents of blood plasma

Blood consists of 55%of plasma and 45% of cells (44% of erythrocytes and 1% of white blood cells).

Blood carries out the next functions:

1) trophic

2) respiratory

3) excretory

4) regulatory

5) preventive

Blood plasma consists of 90% of water and 10% of dry rest. Dry part of blood plasma is subdivided into 8-9% of organic constituents and 1-2% of inorganic constituents (cations and anions). Organic part of blood plasma consists of 6-8% of nitrogen-containing substances and 1-2% of nitrogenless substances (lipids, glucose and products of their metabolism).

Nitrogen-containing substances include 6-8% of proteins (60-80g/L of total protein) and 15-30mM/L of residual nitrogen (rest nitricum).

Total protein of blood plasma includes albumins (35-55g/L), globulins (25-30g/L) and fibrinogen (2-6g/L). If the content of proteins in blood serum to consider as 100%, so albumins make up 50-60%; globulins do 30-40%. Such percentage representation is characteristically for blood serum which differs from plasma of blood by absence of fibrinogen. Globulins have some fractions – alfa1 (0-5%), alfa2(5-10%), beta(10-15%) and gamma (15-20%).

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