Russian oil production finally halted its ________ in 1997 and a turnaround in Russian oil ________ began in 1999. Many analysts attribute the __________ in production to the privatization of the industry following the ________ of the Soviet Union. The privatization clarified incentives and increased less expensive production. Higher world oil prices (oil prices tripled between January 1999 and September 2000), the use of _________ that was standard practice in the West, and the ________ of old oil fields also helped raise production levels. Other ________ partially attribute the increase to after-effects of the 1998 financial crisis, the fall in oil prices, and the subsequent ________ of the ruble.