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THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY AND BEYOND

n facing up to man-made climate change, human beings are going to have to think in terms of decades and centuries. The job is just beginning. Many of the effects of climate shifts will not be apparent for two or three generations. In the future, everyone may be hearing about – and living with – this problem.

The Framework Convention takes this into account. It establishes institutions to support efforts to carry out long-term commitments and to monitor long-term efforts to mini­mize – and adjust to – climate change. Governments can also strengthen the Convention, as they did in Kyoto in 1997. The Protocol's 5 per cent cut may seem a modest start, but given the rise in emissions that would otherwise be expected – and remember that emissions in a number of developed countries have risen steadily since the 1990 base year – many countries are going to have to make a significant effort to meet their com­mitments. The Kyoto Protocol makes an important promise: to reduce greenhouse gases in developed countries by the end of the first decade of the new century. It should be judged a success if it arrests and reverses the 200-year trend of rising emissions in the industri­alized world and hastens the transition to a climate-friendly global economy. Secretary-General Kofi Annan, in his Millennium Report, has called upon the Member States to promote the adoption and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. Specifically, he has urged those States whose ratifications are needed to bring it into effect to take neces­sary action in time for entry into force by 2002.

"Environmental sustainability is everybody's challenge... Our goal must be to meet the economic needs of the present without compromising the abil­ity of the planet to provide for the needs of future generations."

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