WILL/WOULD

In most cases ‘Will’ and ‘Would’ are the forms of the same verb. The basic meaning is willingness.The form ‘would’ is used

a) to indicate the past reference:

He won’t talk to me.(present) He wouldn’t talk to me. (past)

b) as a more polite form:

Will you help me? (direct) Would you help me? (more polite)

c) to indicate unreality:

In your place I would give up smoking.

Using ‘Will’ and ‘Would’ we may refer not only to the future actions, but also to the present and past ones.

1.Referring to future actions we can express the following meanings:

- pure future (in the situations which we cannot control): Jill will be two years old next month. She said Jill would be two next month.

- prediction:I think he’ll win the game. He will probably come later.

- promise and intention:I will help you. Dr Weir will see you now.

- determination:I’m going to get out of this hole; I `will make money.

- order: You will do exactly as I say. Stop shouting, will you?

- request and refusal: Will/Would you help me?– No, I won’t.

Watch out!Use the present or future continuous forms to refer to arranged actions and to avoid expressing modal meanings. Compare: a) I will leave tomorrow. (promise or on-the-spot decision) I am/ I will be leaving tomorrow. (future arranged action) b) Will you come tomorrow? (приходь) Are you coming tonight? (ти йдеш?) c) I won’t come to your party. (не хочу) I’m afraid I can’t come. (не можу)

2.Referring to presentorpast actions we can express the following meanings:

- persistence in not doing something on a particular occasion (only in the third person): The car won’t start (now). It wouldn’t start yesterday either. (Машина ніяк не хоче/ не хотіла заводитись).

- habits/ characteristic behaviour:

I’ve told him a hundred times but he `will smoke in bed. (… він постійно палить в ліжку) Whenever I had to go to town, Ron would give me a lift. (... Рон зазвичай підвозив мене).

Watch out! ‘Would’and‘used to’can be used foractions that happened in the past and don’t happen now. We would/ used to visit him every weekend. ‘Would’ is not used for past states that have changed: He used to be our neighbour. ( ~~He would be our neighbour~~)

- assumption (припущення):

Ring his home number. He’ll be at home now. He’ll be expecting a call from you. He’ll have finished his report. (Подзвони йому додому. Він напевно буде вдома зараз. Він напевно очікує твого дзвінка. Він напевно вже закінчив доповідь.)

Watch out!We normally use ‘will’ for assumption, not ‘would’. ‘Would’ is sometimes used with the second person for politeness: Who are you talking about? - You wouldn’tknow him. (Ви його, напевно, не знаєте.)

<== попередня сторінка	\|	наступна сторінка ==>
Syntactic functions of modals.	\|	SHOULD/ OUGHT TO

Не знайшли потрібну інформацію? Скористайтесь пошуком google:

Генерація сторінки за: 0.005 сек.