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• Товарознавство продовольчих товарів

Unit 1. Matching exercises

Exercise I.Match the definition and the name of the stylistic device (SD) given below.

1. Stressing the importance of a statement usually by using the "to do –structure" in positive sentences.

2. The use of more polite expression for something the writer considers shocking, or unpleasant.

3. To make something greater or bigger than it really is.

4. Expressing the opposite of one's real opinion.

5. A poetical comparison that does not use the "like" or – as". It indicates resemblance but does not express it directly.

6. A statement that seems impossible at first glance as it contains two contradictory or strange assertions, but is intended to be true all the same.

7. The use of corresponding grammatical form and structures in a sequence.

8. Things, animals or abstraction, which are given human qualities or are presented as persons

9. A play on words: sometimes on different meanings of the same word homonyms: the bear – to bear), sometimes on the same sound of two words (homophones: new – knew).

10. Mentioning the same word or phrase several times.

11. A question where no answer is expected as the answer is believed to be too obvious.

12. A form of irony which is mocking, contemptuous, or aggressive.

13. A poetical comparison using the words like, or as (unlike the metaphor).

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(1) paradox, 2) simile, 3) exaggeration / hyperbole / overstatement, 4) irony, 5) metaphor , 6) emphasis, 7) repetition, 8) sarcasm, 9) pun, 10) parallelism, 11) rhetorical question, 12) personification, 13) euphemism.)

Exercise II.Match the phrase or quotation and the name of a SD.

1. You look as if your name was Earnest. You are the most earnest looking person I ever saw. (O.W., The Importance of Being Earnest)

2. (A diary) is simply a very young girl’s record of her own thoughts and impressions, and consequently meant for publication. (O.W.)

3. … the way you flirt with Gwendolyn is perfectly disgraceful. It is almost as bad as the way Gwendolyn flirts with you. (O.W.)

4. If I am occasionally a little over-dressed. I make up for it by being always immensely over-educated. (O.W.)

5. Your vanity is ridiculous, your conduct all outrage, all your presence in my garden utterly absurd. (O.W.)

6. … a momentary separation from anyone to whom one has just been introduced is almost unbearable. (O.W.)

7. I have dared to love You wildly, passionately, devotedly, hopelessly. (O.W.)

8. Today I broke off my engagement with Earnest … the weather still continues charming. (O.W.)

9. Oh, do let me read them, Cecily! (O.W.)

10. Did this in Caesar seem ambitious. … was this ambition? (W.Sh., Julius Caesar)

11. There is tears for his love, joy for his fortune, honour for his valour and death for his ambition.

12. Believe me for mine honour and have respect to mine honour. (W.Sh.)

13. The uncertain road he had yet to go. (M.L.K.)

14. After the last glass of Pommard with blue cheese, it is not wise to rise too rapidly from the chair. That might be too strenuous. (T., 1968)

15. (The House of Lords) has given the impression of being preserved somehow in aspic. (O.)

16. I think my father is like the Holy Trinity … (F.MC.)

17. The stove showed what importance every one of us held in the classroom. (LK 96)

18. Death pays all debts.

19. It is in outrage to bind a Roman citizen; it is a crime to scourge him; it is almost parricide to kill him, but to crucify him …?

20. Let us go forth to lead the land we love. (K.)

21. We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills. We shall never surrender. (Ch.)

22. Extremism in defense of liberty is no vice, moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue.

23. England expects every man to do his duty. (N.)

24. My love is as a fever, longing still.

25. ... tall chimneys, out of which serpents of smoke trailed themselves and never got uncoiled.

26. I cried my eyes out.

27. When the battle is lost and won.

28. Since you are dear bought, I’ll love you dear.

29. Brutus: Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more.

(W.Sh., Julius Caesar)

30. One equal temper of heroic hearts,

Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will

To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.

(A.L.T.)

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(1) pun, 2) paradox, 3) antithesis, 4) climax, 5) accumulation, 6) exaggeration, 7) accumulation, 8) simile, 9) personification, 10) rhethorical question, 11) anticlimax, 12) repetition, 13) metaphor, 14) irony, 15) sarcasm, 16) simile, 17) symbol, 18) personification, 19) climax, 20) alliteration, 21) anophora, parallelism, repetition, 22) extended metaphor ("serpent" – "trail" – "uncoil"), 23) emphasis, 24) anticlimax, 25) antithesis, 26) exaggeration, 27) paradox, 28) pun (dear = teuer / lieb), 29) antithesis, 30) parallelism).

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