THE FORMS OF ADVERBS

Some Adverbs have the same form as the corresponding adjectives. In this case the one must be distinguished from the other by the work that it does in the sentence. Both are qualifying words, but an adjective qualifies a noun or pronoun, while an adverb qualifies any part of speech except a noun or pronoun.

Adverb Adjective

He was much pleased. There is much sickness here.

He stayed long. He went on a long journey.

He spoke loud. There is a sound of loud voices.

He came early. He woke up at an early hour.

He hit him hard. This is a hard piece of wood.

Stand near while I speak. He is my near relation.

He was a little tired. There is a little hope now

He came only once. This is my only son,

He has slept enough. He has had enough sleep.

He rode fast. He rode at a fast gallop.

He arrived late. He arrived at a late hour.

Adverbs in “-ly”:

Most Adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding -ly:

Adjective Adverb

Wise wisely (Adverb of Quality or Manner)

Whole wholly (Adverb of Quantity)

First firstly (Adverb of Number or Order)

Former formerly (Adverb of Time)

Distant distantly (Adverb of Place)

Certain certainly (Adverb of Affirming)

But this form of the Adverb occurs most frequently in Simple adverbs of Quality or Manner; and there is generally an Abstract noun which can be placed between the Adjective and Adverb:

Adjective Abstract Noun Adverb

Wise wisdom wisely

Poor poverty poorly

Short shortness shortly

High height highly

Note. – Adjectives ending in -leform the adverb by changing “e” into “y”: simple– simply, humble – humbly; single – singly; audible – audibly; probable – probably.

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Relative or Conjunctive Adverbs	\|	Adverbs formed from Pronouns

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