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FOREWORD

CONTENTS

FOREWORD...................................................................................................................................................................5

PART I.Stylistics as a Branch of Linguistics.................................................................................................................6

1.1. Stylistics and its Subject. The Notion of Style..............................................................................................6

1.2. Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices.......................................................................................................7

PART II.Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary..........................................................................................9

2.1. General Consideration..................................................................................................................................9

2.2. Neutral, Common Literary and Common Colloquial vocabulary...............................................................11

2.3. Literary Stratum of Words. Special Literary Vocabulary............................................................................11

2.3.1. Terms.........................................................................................................................................................11

2.3.2. Poetic Words.............................................................................................................................................12

2.3.3. Archaic Words...........................................................................................................................................13

2.3.4. Literary Coinages (including nonce-words)............................................................................................14

2.3.5. Barbarisms and Foreign Words...............................................................................................................15

PART III.Stylistic Classification of the English Vocabulary. Colloquial Stratum of Words. Special Colloquial Vocabulary...................................................................................................................................................................17

3.1. Slang.............................................................................................................................................................17

3.2. Jargonisms..................................................................................................................................................18

3.3. Professionalisms.........................................................................................................................................19

3.4. Dialectal Words...........................................................................................................................................19

3.5. Vulgar Words or Vulgarisms.......................................................................................................................20

3.6. Colloquial Coinages (nonce words)...........................................................................................................20

PART IV.Functional Styles of the English language..................................................................................................23

4.1. The Notion of Style.....................................................................................................................................23

4. 2. Bookish Style..............................................................................................................................................25

4.2.3. Scientific Prose Style...............................................................................................................................25

4.2.4. The Style of Official Documents.............................................................................................................26

4.2.5. The Publicistic Style.................................................................................................................................27

4.2.6. The Newspaper Style..............................................................................................................................28

4.2.7. Belles-lettres Style...................................................................................................................................29

4.3. Colloquial (casual) Style.............................................................................................................................30

PART V.Types of Meaning.........................................................................................................................................33

5.1. Logical Meaning..........................................................................................................................................34

5.2. Emotive Meaning........................................................................................................................................34

5.3 Nominative Meaning...................................................................................................................................34

PART VI.Lexical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices. SD Based on the Interaction of Different Meanings of a Word............................................................................................................................................................................34

6.1. SD based on the Interaction between Two Logical Meanings of a Word. Metaphor. Personification. Metonymy. Irony...............................................................................................................................................34

6.2. SD Based on Interaction between the Logical and Nominal Meanings. Antonomasia.....................................................................................................................................................38

6.3. SD based on the Interaction between Logical and Emotive Meanings. Epithet, Hyperbole, Oxymoron..........................................................................................................................................................38

6.3.1. Epithet......................................................................................................................................................38

6.3.2. Hyperbole................................................................................................................................................39

6.3.3. Oxymoron................................................................................................................................................40

6.4. Stylistic Devices Based on the Interaction between Primary and Derivative Logical Meaning of a Word (or between the meanings of two homonyms)...............................................................................................41

PART VII.Lexico-Syntactical Stylistic Devices...........................................................................................................42

PART VIII. Syntactical Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices................................................................................46

PART IX.Phonetic Expressive Means and Stylistic Devices......................................................................................50

PART X.Language Variation.......................................................................................................................................51

PART XI. Text as the Object of Linguistic Analysis in Stylistics.................................................................................59

Check Your Knowledge of Stylistics. Test.................................................................................................................60

Questions for Revision...............................................................................................................................................66

Exam Questions..........................................................................................................................................................67

Glossary.......................................................................................................................................................................69

Reference Books.........................................................................................................................................................74

FOREWORD

This manual is intended for English language students taking the course of English Stylistics. Following the course in English Lexicology, it treats all major essentials of Stylistics and deals with its general categories and terms. The theoretical foundation of the present manual is Prof. I. R. Galperin's book "Stylistics".

The manual fully meets the requirements of the program in the subject and its main purpose is to teach the students to observe, analyze and interpret language phenomena. The aim of the manual is to provide the students with most essential materials they need to prepare for their tutorials in Stylistics, to teach them to recognize the sources of expressiveness, to describe and specify the whole range of expressive means and stylistic devices, to establish their relevant characteristics and functions, also to describe functional styles of the language and state the hierarchy of system-forming features within each of them. Correspondingly the manual falls into eleven parts. Each of the parts includes reading materials, questions for revision the theoretical material, activities and tests.

The textbook concludes with reading materials, test to check the students' knowledge of Stylistics, questions for revision, exam questions, glossary and list of reference books.

This manual will help to develop communicative competence of future specialists in linguistics, interpretation and translation, language teaching, as it is aimed at improving the skills of adequate comprehension and accurate interpretation of texts used in different spheres of human communication (mass media editorials, brief news, feature and analytical articles, scientific prose, poetry, drama, etc.).

PART I

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