Poetic words are used primarily in poetry. Poetic language has special means of communication, such as rhythmical arrangement, some syntactical peculiarities and a certain number of special words. These special poetic words form a rather significant layer of the special literary vocabulary. They are mostly archaic or very rarely used highly literary words. They may be called poetic terms, as like terms they generally denote only one concept, in other words, they are monosemantic.
Their aim is to create an elevated atmosphere. Poetic words are not freely built. The most common means are:
1. Compounding (young-eyed; rosy-fingered).
2. The use of a contracted form of a word instead of the full one: lone-lonely; oft-often. The attitude of poets and critics towards the use of poetic words was different at different periods in the history of English literature. The literary trend known as classicism and romanticism were particularly rich in fresh poetic terms.
In Modern English poetry poetic words are not used very much, but on the other hand many poets, particularly those who may be called "modernists", are fond of all kinds of innovations. For example: the use of words in strange combinations, such as "the sound of shape", "night-long eyes", "wings of because" and the like.
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