Journey of Marco Polo

The report

on a theme: World famous cartographers

Fulfilled student
3 course of ZV-34
Kyryllova O.O.
Checked:.

Mygol V.M.

Kyiv-2014

Contents

1 Biographical information

2 book by Marco Polo

3 Followers Marco Polo

4 Modern doubts about the reliability of

5 See . also

6 Notes

7 Literature

8 Links

Marco Polo (Marco Polo) ( 1254 - January 9, 1324) - Venetian merchant and traveler , the author of the book " Wonders of the World ", which described his observations while traveling Asia. Spite of doubts about the reliability of facts stated in this book, the statements since its emergence to the present time , it is a valuable source of geography , ethnography , history, Iran, China, Mongolia , India, Indonesia and other countries in the Middle Ages. This book has had a significant impact on seafarers cartographers , writers XIV - XVI centuries. Specifically , it was the ship of Christopher Columbus during his search for a route to India.

Biographical information

Biographical information about Marco Polo based on scant information on the " Book Wonders of the World." Detailed biography of Mark was written in the XVI century humanist Giovanni Baptist Ramusio (1485-1557 ). At the same time it was created portraits . Place of burial Marco Polo did not survive. The exact time and place of birth of Marco Polo unknown. Of the possible birthplaces of Marco Polo, as historians argue , and that is generally accepted is Venice in 1254 . Some biographers suggest that Polo was born in Korcula ( horv. Korčula, Italian . Curzola - Kurtsola ), on the island of Korcula in today's Croatia. However, contrary to the said date of birth information from the book. His father Niccolò was a merchant , traded with the Middle East , a rich and influential man. In 1271 Marco Polo ( at seventeen years of age) with his foster father Nikola and uncle Maffeo Polo set off on a journey to Asia. The exact route of their historians restore hypothetically, reducing it to the Volga region , Central Asia, Mongolia , China, India and Arabia. There are different versions of this reconstruction. In the same book travel, in addition, specify in plain text Java, Sumatra , Madagascar and Ethiopia (Central India ) and also mentioned Japan , Central America , Brazil, and Central Africa . As if reached by land to China during 1271-1275 years , he served the emperor Kublai Khan before returning (1292-1295) in Europe in Venice in 1295 by sea with many riches and treasures. He broke nearly 15,000 miles ( 24,140 km).

Journey of Marco Polo

A few years later he was captured during the war with Venice, Genoa and while in prison ( 1296-1298 ) dictated a report on their trip. The Book of Marco Polo tells about it in the third person and originally written in French, as is clear from many directions within itself (in the present embodiment ). Therefore historians believe that Marco Polo dictated some of the French, Rustichano of Pisa , not being able to write a book on their own due to illness thumb . According to some reports , the text was dictated to Venetic dialect, on the other - it was recorded Old French language with Italian accents . Due to the fact that the original manuscript has not survived , it is impossible to establish the truth . Names, which are listed in the book of travels of Marco Polo , mostly do not coincide with those names that historians guess . Interest in Marco Polo and his book was only after the " great geographical discoveries " at the beginning of XVI century. In this regard, consider that before this time it needs perceived as unreliable and were not interested readers. About Marco Polo family , little is known - he was married and he had three daughters - Fantina , Belela and Moret , and several close relatives. The family Polo not everything went smoothly , sometimes it came to litigation. Church of San Lorenzo di Venezia Venice Castle , where probably buried Marco Polo. Photo Church after reconstruction

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