Focus on Listeners as Message Senders

As you're speaking, look at your listeners. Remember that just as you're sending messages to your audience, they're also sending messages to you. Pay attention to these messages; and on the basis of what they tell you, make whatever adjustments are necessary.

You can make a wide variety of adjustments to each type of audience response. For example, if your audience shows signs of boredom, increase your
volume, move closer to them, or tell them that what you're going to say will be of value to them. If your audience shows signs of disagreement or hostility,
stress a similarity you have with them. If your audience looks puzzled or confused, pause a moment and rephrase your ideas, provide necessary definitions, or insert an internal summary. If your audience seems impatient, say, for example, "my last argument..." instead of your originally planned "my third argument…"

2) Ask "What If" Questions

This process of asking "what if" questions is really handled throughout your speech preparation but comes into play most clearly during the speech, and so it's included here. As you prepare your speech it's helpful to ask "what if" questions. These will help you make any necessary on-the-spot adjustments and adaptations. For example:

- What if the audience has a large number of men?

- What if the audience consists of women much older than 40?

- What if the audience members also come with their spouses or their children?

Keeping such questions in mind will force you to consider alternatives as you prepare your speech. Then you'll have ideas readily available if you face a new or different audience.

Address Audience Responses Directly

Another way of dealing with audience responses is to confront them directly. To those who are giving disagreement feedback, for example, you could say something like:

You may disagree with this position, but all I ask is that you hear me out and see if this new way of doing things will not simplify your accounting procedures.

By responding to your listeners' reactions and feedback, you acknowledge your audience's priorities. You let them know that you hear them, that you’re with them and that you’re responding to their very real needs.

STEP 3: RESEARCH YOUR TOPIC

Throughout the process of preparing your public speeches, you'll need to find information to use as source material in your speech. This means doing research.

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