III. The communicative approach.

The language is mastered through its function,

when all the three aspects interact. In this case language

is used as the means of communication; while the

language material is learned and habits and skills are

developed through communication. This approach

requires creation of real – life situation, in which learners use the language in its natural function – they establish relations with other people, get and give information, express their attitude to something, learn to do something, find a way out of some difficult situations, convince and dissuade their interlocutors, show their progress, etc.

The communicative approach has been widely used at the end of the XX century. The most prominent representatives of this approach are: Е.И. Пассов, В.Л. Скалкин, А.Д. Климентенко, Г.В. Рогова and others.

Each of three approaches proposes its adequate exercises:

I. Exercises for learning the language material(language exercises), they usually consist of a number of sentences and have instructions as the way of doing them:

1) Fill in the blanks with prepositions

2) Fill in the necessary form of the verb

3) Use synonyms instead of the italicized words

4) Group the words according to their pronunciation etc.

As a rule, such exercises are done in writing and they don’t stimulate the development of habits. They help learners to memorize the language material. There isn’t any communication in such exercises, but we can’t do without them.

II. Exercises for developing speech habits and skills. These exercises are aimed at developing pupils’ ability to use the language material and they represent a set of repeated actions. First pupils learn how to perform an action and then how to use it in speaking:

1) imitation exercises

2) substitution exercises

3) transformation exercises

a) drill exercises to develop phonetic, grammatical and lexical habits. They are done according to a model.

b) Speech exercises to develop speaking skills (description of pictures, retelling, commenting on the film, etc. The learner is prompted what to speak about, such exercises are aimed at developing prepared speech.

Не знайшли потрібну інформацію? Скористайтесь пошуком google:

Генерація сторінки за: 0.005 сек.