c) according to the relationships existing between the words. They are synonymic dictionaties, dialect dictionaties, dictionaties of Americanisms, etc.

3. Some of the main problems in lexicography

The most burning issue of lexicography are connected with the selection of head-words, the arrangement and contents of the vocabulary entry, the principles of sense and definitions and the semantic and functional classification of words.

Dictionary-makers should attempt to improve and stabilize the English vocabulary according to the best classical samples and advise the readers on preferable usage. A distinctly modern criterion in selection of entries is the frequency of the words to be included.

The arrangement of the vocabulary presents many problems, of which the most important are the differentiation and sequence of various meanings of a polysemantic word.

The explanation of meaning may be achieved by a group of synonyms which together give a fairly general idea. But one synonym is never sufficient for the purpose because no absolute synonyms exist. Definitions serve the purpose much better. These are of two main types. If they are only concerned with words as speech material, the definition is called linguistic. If they are only concerned with things for which the words are names, they are termed encyclopaedic. American dictionaries are traditionally encyclopaedic, which accounts for so much attention upon the facts and things. British dictionaries – are more linguistic and more occupied with lexical data,

grammatical properties of words, their components, stylistic features, etc. The meaning of the word may also explained by examples and contextually.

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