The activities chosen during pre-listening may serve as preparation for listening in several ways. During pre-listening the teacher may
· assess students' background knowledge of the topic and linguistic content of the text
· provide students with the background knowledge necessary for their comprehension of the listening passage or activate the existing knowledge that the students possess
· clarify any cultural information which may be necessary to comprehend the passage
· make students aware of the type of text they will be listening to, the role they will play, and the purpose(s) for which they will be listening
· provide opportunities for group or collaborative work and for background reading or class discussion activities
Sample pre-listening activities:
· looking at pictures, maps, diagrams, or graphs
· reviewing vocabulary or grammatical structures
· reading something relevant
· constructing semantic webs (a graphic arrangement of concepts or words showing how they are related)
· predicting the content of the listening text
· going over the directions or instructions for the activity
· doing guided practice
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