Medical hygiene

Medical hygiene is related to the administration of medicine, and medical care, that prevents or minimizes disease and the spreading of disease.

Medical hygiene practices include:

Isolation or quarantine of infectious persons or materials to prevent spread of infection.

1. Sterilization of instruments used in surgical procedures.

2. Use of protective clothing and barriers, such as masks, gowns, caps, eyewear and gloves.

3. Proper bandaging and dressing of injuries.

4. Safe disposal of medical waste.

5. Disinfection of reusables (i.e. linen, pads, uniforms)

6. Scrubbing up and hand-washing, especially in an operating room. Most of these practices were developed in the 19th century and were well established by the mid-20th century.

Home and everyday life hygiene:

Home hygiene is the hygiene practices that minimize the spreading of disease in home and in public transport, the work place, public places etc.

The main sources of infection in the home are people (who are carriers or are infected), foods (particularly raw foods) and water, and domestic animals. Respiratory viruses and fungal spores are also spread via the air. Good home hygiene means breaking the chain of infection i.e. to eliminate germs before they can spread further.

Respiratory hygiene

1. Carry tissues and use them to catch coughs and sneezes

2. Dispose of tissues as soon as possible

3. Clean your hands by hand washing or using an alcohol hand sanitizer.

Food hygiene at home

The five key principles of food hygiene, according to WHO, are:

1. Prevent contaminating food with pathogens spreading from people, pets, and pests.

2. Separate raw and cooked foods to prevent contaminating the cooked foods.

3. Cook foods for the appropriate length of time and at the appropriate temperature to kill pathogens.

4. Store food at the proper temperature.

5. Use safe water and raw materials

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