The Juvenile Court.

The juvenile court has exclusive original jurisdiction over delinquent and unruly children, juvenile traffic offenders, and neglected, dependent, and abused children. When a minor is accused of a crime, whether serious or petty, the general rule is that the minor can be tried and dealt with only in the juvenile court. Under certain circumstances, a minor may be transferred to the common pleas court for trial and punishment as an adult. Adults accused of contributing to the delinquency or neglect of a minor are tried in the juvenile court. Other adult crimes against minors, such as non-support, may be tried in the juvenile court as well as in other courts. The juvenile court also has the power to determine and provide for custody and care of neglected, dependent, or abused children.

This power is subject to the authority of the domestic relations court to determine custody and support questions in divorce and similar cases, and to the authority of the probate court in guardianship and adoption proceedings. The juvenile court also has the power to consent to the marriage of pregnant minors under 16, and to consent to abortions for pregnant unemancipated minors.

Detention of Juveniles. Minors may be taken into custody: because they committed an offense; pursuant to the order of a juvenile court; or for some other reasons. A child alleged to be delinquent, unruly, or a juvenile traffic offender may be detained in a jail only if there is no available juvenile detention home or similar facility. In such cases, the child must be kept in a separate room where the child cannot come in contact with adult offenders. A neglected or dependent child who is detained cannot be kept in jail under any circumstances without a specific court order authorizing such detention.

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