Text B. Turing’s Test

1. Read and translate the text:

Are we intelligent enough to understand intelligence? One approach to answering this question is artificial intelligence (АI), the field of computer science that studies how machines can be made to act intelligently. "Artificial intelligence" is the ability of machines to do things that, people claim, require intelligence. AI research is an attempt to discover and describe aspects of human intelligence that can be simulated by machines.

The classical experiment proposed for determining whether a machine possesses intelligence on a human level is known as Turing's test, after A. M. Turing, who pioneered research in computer logic, undecidability theory and AI. This experiment has yet to be performed seriously, since no machine yet displays enough intelligent behaviour to be able to do well in the test. Still Turing's test is the basic paradigm for much successful work and for many experiments in machine intelligence. Basically, the test consists of presenting a human being A – human interrogator with a typewriter-like or TV-like terminal, which he can use to converse with two unknown (to him) sources, В and С The interrogator A is told that one terminal is controlled by a machine and that the other terminal is controlled by a human being he has never met. A is to guess which of B and С is the machine and which is the person. If A cannot distinguish one from the other with significantly better than 50% accuracy, and if this result continued to hold no matter what people are involved in the experiment, the machine then, it is claimed, simulates human intelligence.

Active Vocabulary

ability	interrogator
accuracy	paradigm
approach	propose
artificial	require
attempt	research
determine	theory
distinguish	to guess
intelligence	to possess
intelligent	undecidability

2. Answer the following questions:

1. Are we intelligent enough to understand intelligence?

2. What are the two approaches to answering the question what artificial intelligence is?

3. How do they call the classical experiment for determining?

4. What research did Alan Turing pioneer?

5. Had machine displayed intelligent behaviour before Turing’s test was applied?

6. What is the basic paradigm for displaying successful intelligent behaviour of a machine?

7. What does the test consist of?

8. What is the interrogator A told?

9. What is A to guess?

10. What accuracy percentage is needed to claim the machine simulates the human intelligence?

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