All UN member states are represented in the General Assembly – a kind of parliament of nations which meets to consider the world’s most pressing problems. Each member state has one vote. Decisions on “important matters,” such as international peace and security, admitting new members, the UN budget are decided by two- thirds majority. Other matters are decided by simple majority.in recent years; a special effort has been made to reach decisions through consensus, rather than by formal vote.
The Assembly holds its annual regular session from September to December. When necessary, it may resume its session, or hold a special or emergency session on subjects of particular concern.
The Security Council
The UN Charter gives the Security Council primary responsibilities for maintaining international peace and security. The Council may convene at any time, day or night, whenever
Peace is threatened.
There are 15 Council members. Five of these – China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States – are permanent members. The other 10 are elected by the General Assembly for a ten-year term. Decisions of the Council require nine votes.