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CHECK LIST

1. Are you working on your pronunciation of d, t, c, and g, with the instructions in Lesson 2 and 3?
2. Are you reading aloud?
3. Do you translate back and forth from Irish to English and then from English to Irish in the Vocabulary and Conversation?
4. Do you form a picture in your mind every time you say an Irish word or phrase?

If you answered "No" to any of these questions, you can benefit from reading Lessons 1 to 3 over again.

GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
To give a command to another person, you must know the imperative form of the verb. This form is almost always the shortest and most basic part of the verb. Later on, you will learn how to change and add to this basic part to tell, for example, that an action happened in the past or will happen in the future.

Here are some imperatives to learn. Note that if you want to tell a person not to do something, you put "Ná" (naw*) before the imperative.

Déané(day*n ay*), Do it.

Nádéané(naw* day*n ay*), Don't do it.

Léighé(lay* ay*), Read it.

Náléighé(naw* lay* ay*), Don't read it.

Scríobhé(shkreev ay*), Write it.

Náscríobhé(naw* shkreev ay*), Don't write it.

Cuir ar an mbordé(kir er un mohrd ay*), Put it on the table.

Nácuir an bosca ar an mbord (naw* kir un BOHSK-uh er un mohrd), Don't put the box on the table.

Éist liom (ay*sht luhm), Listen to me.

Náhéist leis (naw* hay*sht lesh), Don't listen to him

Ól an bainne (ohl un BAHN-ye), Drink the milk.

Náhól an tae (nawÄhohl un tayÄ), Don't drink the tea.

When "Ná" precedes a verb that starts with a vowel, an "h" is put before the verb, as in two examples above. Note also that "é" (ay*), which means "him" or "it", and "í" (ee), which means "her" or "it", are usually put at the end of the sentence.

CONVERSATION
Máire (MAW*-re): Ar chuala túmo chat aréir, a Sheoirse? (er K*OO-uh-luh too muh k*aht uh-RAY*R, uh HYOHR-she) Did you hear my cat last night, George?

Seoirse (SHOHR-she): Chuala méé, go cinnte (K*OO-uh-luh may* ay*, goh KIN-te).

I heard it, certainly.

Bhíséag screadadh an oíche go léir (vee shay* uh SHKRAD-uh un EE-huh goh lay*r).

It was screeching the whole night.

Agus bhícat eile ann, freisin (AH-guhs vee kaht EL-e oun, FRESH-in).

And there was another cat there, too.

Maire: Cara leis, is dócha (KAH-ruh lesh, is DOHK*-uh)

A friend of his I, suppose.

Seoirse: Codladh sámh agat anocht (KUHL-uh saw*v uh-GUHT uh-NOHK*T).

Sound sleep to you tonight.

Notes: In pronouncing "Máire", you must put a faint (i) sound between the (maw*) and the (re) sounds. This makes the word sound somewhat like "Moyra" or "Moira", English attempts to represent the sound.

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