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GRAMMAR

In Lessons 10 to 12, you learned how to answer the questions:

Céardéseo? (kay*rd ay* shuh) what is this?

Céardésin? (kay*rd ay* shin) what is that?

and to classify, that is, to say that a person or object is in some class or group. For example: "is dochtúirí" (is dohk*-TOO-ir ee ) means "She is a doctor", and "is bordé" (is bohrd ay*) means "it is a table".

To identify a person or object as having a name or being the particular one that you are talking about, Irish has a slightly different form. Learn these examples by heart:

Is mise Seán (is MISH-e shaw*n), I am John. ("Mise" is the emphatic form of "mé".)

Is tusa Séamus (is TU-suh SHAY*-muhs), You are James. ("Tusa" is the emphatic form of "tú".)

Is sinne na dochtúirí(is SHIN-ye nuh dohk*-TOO-i-ree), We are the doctors.

Is sibhse na scoláirí(is SHIV-she nuh skoh-LAW*-ree), You (plural) are the pupils.

Note that the word order is reversed from: Is dochtúir mise (is dohk*-TOO-ir MISH-e), I am a doctor.

The same is true of "éseo" or "íseo" meaning "this", and or "ésin" and "ísin" meaning "that". For example:

Iséseo Brian (shay* shuh BREE-uhn), This is Brian.

Isísin Bríd (shee shin breed), That is Bridget.

This also holds true for "iad seo" (EE-uhd shuh), these, and "iad sin" (EE-uhd shin), those. An example is: Is iad sin Cormac agus Una (SHEE-uhd shin KOHR-muhk AH-guhs OON-uh), Those are Cormac and Una.

The annoying part, however, is that with "é", "í", and "iad" alone, a doubling of the pronoun occurs, as in:

IséBriané(shay* BREE-uhn ay*), It's Brian

IsíMáireí(shee MAW*-re ee) It's Mary.

Is iad na fir iad (SHEE-uhd nuh fir EE-uhd), They are the men.

Is iad Peadar agus Dónall iad (SHEE-uhd PAD-uhr AH-guhs DOHN- uhl EE-uhd), They are Peter and Donald.

This will be clumsy and annoying to you at first, but persevere and you will develop the proper thought pattern, so that the right phrase will come to you quickly in any situation.

Irish Lesson 22

In this issue, we rerun the full pronunciation guide and study method, for the purpose of review and for those readers who have joined recently and need this information.

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